Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Ukraine

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This page is a translated version of a page Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Ukraine and the translation is 55% complete. Changes to the translation template, respectively the source language can be submitted through Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Ukraine and have to be approved by a translation administrator.
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Urheberrechtsregeln: Ukraine
Kürzel: COM:UKRAINE
Flagge von Ukraine
Karte von Ukraine
Schutzfrist
Standard 70 Jahre p. m. a.
Anonym Veröffentlichung + 70 Jahre
Andere
Panoramafreiheit Nein
Frist geht bis zum Jahresende Ja
Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen {{PD-Ukraine}}
ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 UKR
Abkommen
Berner Übereinkunft 25. Oktober 1995
Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied 16. Mai 2008
URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum‌* 1. Januar 1996
WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag 6. März 2002
*‌Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist.

Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen der Ukraine, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus der Ukraine stammt, sowohl in der Ukraine als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes aus der Ukraine solltest du die entsprechenden Gesetze zur Klärung heranziehen.

Hintergrund

In der Vergangenheit wurde die Ukraine zu verschiedenen Zeiten ganz oder teilweise von der Kiewer Rus', Litauen, Polen, Russland und Österreich kontrolliert. Nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg wurde die Ukraine im Dezember 1922 Gründungsmitglied der Union der Sozialistischen Sowjetrepubliken. Während der Auflösung der UdSSR verabschiedete das ukrainische Parlament am 24. August 1991 die Unabhängigkeitsakte.

Die Ukraine ist seit dem 25. Oktober 1995 Mitglied des Berner Übereinkommens, seit dem 6. März 2002 Mitglied des WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrags und seit dem 16. Mai 2008 Mitglied der Welthandelsorganisation.[1]

Ab 2023 führt die Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum (WIPO), eine Agentur der Vereinten Nationen, das „Gesetz der Ukraine Nr. 2811-IX vom 1. Dezember 2022 über das Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte“ als das wichtigste vom ukrainischen Gesetzgeber erlassene Urheberrechtsgesetz auf.[1] Die WIPO hält den Text dieses Gesetzes in ihrer Datenbank WIPO Lex vor.[2] Das Gesetz hebt das „Gesetz der Ukraine Nr. 3792-XII vom 23. Dezember 1993 über das Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte (in der bis zum 27. Oktober 2016 geänderten Fassung)“ und dessen Nachfolger „Gesetz Nr. 3792-XII vom 23. Dezember 1993 über das Urheberrecht und verwandte Schutzrechte (in der bis zum 26. April 2017 geänderten Fassung)“, die beide auch in der WIPO-Datenbank verfügbar sind.[3][4]

Allgemeine Regeln

Gemäß Gesetz Nr. 3792-XII vom 23. Dezember 1993 in der bis zum 26. April 2017 geänderten Fassung),

  • Das Urheberrecht an einem Werk entsteht mit seiner Schöpfung und wird mit dem Datum der Schöpfung wirksam.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art. 28(1)]
  • Das Urheberrecht gilt während der gesamten Lebenszeit des Urhebers und 70 Jahre nach seinem Tod, sofern nicht nachstehend etwas anderes bestimmt ist.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art. 28(2)]
  • For works published anonymously or under a pseudonym, copyright expires 70 years after the work was released. If the pseudonym adopted by the author leaves no doubt as to the identity of the author or the author is revealed no later than 70 years after the publication of the work, copyright lasts for the author's life plus 70 years.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(3)]
  • Copyright in collaborative works is valid for life and 70 years after the death of the last co-author.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(4)]
  • Copyright in works of posthumously rehabilitated authors is valid for 70 years after their rehabilitation.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(6)]
  • Copyright in a work first published within 30 years after the author's death is valid for 70 years from the date of its lawful publication.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(7)]
  • Persons who first publish an unpublished work after its copyright protection expires enjoy protection for 25 years from the time when the work was first published.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(8)]
  • Calculation of the terms of copyright starts from 1 January of the year following the relevant event.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.28(9)]

Copyright protection under the 1993 act applied to all works where the copyright had not expired before the act became effective.[3792-XII/199-2017 Final.4] A Ukrainian or Ukrainian SSR work is in the public domain in Ukraine if it was published before 1 January 1951, and the creator (if known) died before that date. This is the effect of the copyright term extension from 50 to 70 years in 2001.

A Ukrainian or Ukrainian SSR work that is in the public domain in Ukraine according to this rule is in the public domain in the U.S. only if it was in the public domain in Ukraine before 1 January 1996, e.g. if it was published before 1 January 1946 and the creator died before this date, and no copyright was registered in the U.S. This is the combined effect of the retroactive 1993 law, Ukraine's joining the Berne Convention in 1996, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.

[5]

Nicht geschützt

Abkürzung

Siehe auch: Commons:Ungeschützte Werke

Under Law No. 3792-XII of December 23, 1993 (as amended up to April 26, 2017), protection does not extend to:[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.10]

  • Daily news or current events that constitute regular press information
  • Works of folk art (folklore);
  • Official documents issued by government authorities of a political, legislative or administrative nature (laws, decrees, regulations, court decisions and state standards, etc.) and their official translations;
  • State symbols of Ukraine, government awards; symbols and signs of government, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations; symbols of territorial communities; symbols and signs of enterprises, institutions and organizations;
  • Banknotes;
  • Timetables of vehicles, broadcasts, schedules, telephone directories and other similar databases that do not meet the originality criteria.

Lizenzvorlagen

Abkürzung

Siehe auch: Commons:Lizenzvorlagen

  • {{PD-Ukraine}} is in effect towards works first published before January 1, 1951, and the creator (if known) died before that date). This is the effect of the retroactive Ukrainian copyright law of 1993 and the copyright from 50 to 70 years in 2001.). The final conclusion is #.4 in Chapter VI Ukrainian Copyright Law:

#.4. It shall be established that as from the day on which this Law enters into force, the terms of copyright protection, stipulated in Article 28 of this Law and parts 1 and 2 of Article 44 of this Law, shall apply in all cases where the 50-year period of copyright validity after the author's death or the period of validity of related rights has not expired prior to the date of entry into force of this Law.

A Ukrainian or Soviet work that is in the public domain in Ukraine according to this rule is in the public domain in the U.S. only if it was in the public domain in Ukraine in 1995, e.g. if it was published before 1945 and the creator died before that year, and no copyright was registered in the U.S. This is the combined effect of the retroactive Ukrainian copyright law, Ukraine's joining the Berne Convention in 1995, and of 17 USC 104A with its critical date of January 1, 1996.[5]

  • {{PD-UA-exempt}} for daily news or details of current events that constitute regular press information; works of folk art (folklore); official documents of a political, legislative or administrative nature (laws, decrees, resolutions, court awards, State standards, etc.) issued by government authorities within their powers, and official translations thereof; State symbols of Ukraine, government awards; symbols and signs of government authorities, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations; symbols of territorial communities; symbols and signs of enterprises, institutions and organizations; bank notes; transport schedules, TV and radio broadcast schedules, telephone directories and other similar databases that do not meet the originality criteria and to which the sui generis right (a particular or special right) is applicable. Also for representation of an civil award or decoration of the government of Ukraine.
  • {{PD-UAGovDoc}} for official documents of a political, legislative or administrative nature (laws, decrees, resolutions, court awards, State standards, etc.) issued by government authorities within their powers, and official translations thereof.
  • {{PD-UAGov-Money}} for unit of currencies issued by Ukraine.
  • {{PD-UAexMilitary}} for works of a Ukrainian military or Ministry of Defense if it is symbol or sign of government authorities, the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations.

Währung

Abkürzung

Siehe auch: Commons:Währung

OK Ukrainian currency is not copyrighted. Monetary items, together with other state symbols, are explicitly excluded from copyright by article 10 of Copyright law of Ukraine.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.10(e)]

Please use {{PD-UAGov-Money}} for Ukrainian currency images.

Panoramafreiheit

Abkürzung

Siehe auch: Commons:Panoramafreiheit

 Nicht OK, nur für nicht-kommerzielle Zwecke. {{NoFoP-Ukraine}}

A freedom of panorama exception was added in the Law of Ukraine No. 2811-IX of December 1, 2022, on Copyright and Related Rights, under Article 22(10). It is now permissible "creation of images of works of architecture and fine arts permanently located in places accessible to the public on the street, provided that such actions do not have independent economic value."

The condition "provided that such actions do not have independent economic value" seems to imply that images of such works in public spaces should not be made for the purpose of making profit. Regardless of the clarity of the condition, it still does not fit the licensing requirements of Wikimedia Commons, which only allows content that is licensed for any uses, including commercial uses. Non-commercial content is not allowed. See also Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2023/05#NEW copyright law of Ukraine.

Before 2023, Law of Ukraine No. 3792-XII of December 23, 1993, on Copyright and Related Rights (with latest version from 2017) did not contain a freedom of panorama exception. It is claimed, though, that article 21(4) of the old law implied some kind of "freedom of panorama" (claim was repeated here):

  • ...it shall be permitted without the consent of the author (or other copyright holder) and with mandatory indication of the author's name and of the source of borrowing: ... to reproduce, in order to highlight current events by means of photography or cinematography, to carry out public notification or other public communication of the works seen or heard in the course of such events to the extent justified by the informational purpose.[3792-XII/199-2017 Art.21(4)]

This, however, is limited to "informational purposes" and to "current events". It is not general freedom of panorama but a "fair use"-like provision for news reporting.

Indeed, four separate court rulings during 2007–09 affirmed the lack of commercial freedom of panorama in Ukraine, all involving exploitations of Vasyl' Borodai's (1917–2010) 1982 sculpture Monument to the Founders of Kyiv by four different entities during late 1990s and early 2000s. According to Shtefan (2019), "all these cases went to trial and in each case the courts came to the conclusion that the author's rights were not respected." (article, page 23)

Note: Copyright protection expires 70 years after the death of the original author (who is defined as the creator or designer) here. On January 1st of the following year (ie. January 1 of the 71st year), freely licensed images of the author's 3D works such as sculptures, buildings, bridges or monuments are now free and can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. The lack of Freedom of Panorama is no longer relevant here in Ukraine since the author's works are now in the public domain.

However, there's also a consensus that utilitarian buildings such as the New Safe Confinement (cf. a 2021 deletion request) are not considered copyrightable.

Briefmarken

Abkürzung

Siehe auch: Commons:Briefmarken

Public domain use {{PD-UA-exempt}}.

Nach Artikel 10 des Gesetzes über das Urheberrecht und verwandte Rechte (englisch) sind alle ukrainischen Briefmarken gemeinfrei. Sie werden im Gesetz der Ukraine über den Postdienst (4. Oktober 2001) als "Staatszeichen" definiert:

  • Eine Briefmarke ist ein nach dem gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Verfahren hergestelltes Staatszeichen mit festgelegtem Nennwert und Zustand, das als Zahlungsmittel für die vom nationalen Betreiber bereitgestellten Postdienste dient.[6]

Siehe auch

Zitate

  1. ↑ a b Ukraine Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-03.
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Gesetz2023
  3. ↑ Law of Ukraine No. 3792-XII of December 23, 1993, on Copyright and Related Rights (as amended up to October 27, 2016). Ukraine (2016). Retrieved on 2023-05-28.
  4. ↑ Law No. 3792-XII of December 23, 1993, on Copyright and Related Rights (as amended up to April 26, 2017). Ukraine (2017). Retrieved on 2018-11-03.
  5. ↑ a b 17 USC 104a Copyright in restored works. United States Copyright Office. Retrieved on 2019-03-23.
  6. ↑ Закон України. Про поштовий зв'язок (Law of Ukraine. About the postal service ). Bulletin of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (VVR) 39 (2002). Retrieved on 2019-03-23. "поштова марка - державний знак, виготовлений у встановленому законодавством порядку із зазначенням його номінальної вартості та держави, який є засобом оплати послуг поштового зв'язку, що надаються національним оператором."
Cite error: <ref> tag with name "Law2023" defined in <references> is not used in prior text.
Caution: The above description may be inaccurate, incomplete and/or out of date, so must be treated with caution. Before you upload a file to Wikimedia Commons you should ensure it may be used freely. Siehe auch: Commons:Allgemeiner Haftungsausschluss
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