Translations:Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Consolidated list Northern Africa/2/zh

文本嵌入自
COM:Algeria

阿爾及利亞

著作权法规： 阿尔及利亚 快捷方式: COM:阿尔及利亚
保护期限
标准	作者逝世 + 50年
照片	创作年份+50年
匿名	出版 + 50年
集体作品	出版 + 50年
应用艺术	创作年份+50年
其他
全景自由	是
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Algeria}} {{PD-Algeria-photo-except}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1998年4月19日
世界著作权公约	1974年7月10日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1998年4月19日
世界知识产权协议	2014年1月31日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

本頁面概述了與將作品上傳到維基共享資源相關的阿爾及利亞版權規則。請注意，任何源自阿爾及利亞的作品在上傳到Wikimedia Commons之前必須在阿爾及利亞和美國處於公共領域，或在免費許可下可用。如果對來自阿爾及利亞的作品的版權狀況有任何疑問，請參閱相關法律進行澄清。

背景

阿爾及利亞從19世紀中葉一直是法國的殖民地，直到1962年，在1962年3月的依雲協議之後，它成為一個獨立的共和國。

阿爾及利亞自1998年4月19日起成為伯爾尼公約的成員，自2014年1月31日起成為產權組織條約的成員，並且是其他各種國際條約的簽署國。

截至2018年，聯合國機構世界知識產權組織列出了對應於7月19日的Joumada El Oula 19日第03-05號法令， 2003年《版權及相關權》作為主要版權法。 產權組織在其WIPO Lex數據庫中保存了該法律的文本。 Wayback Machine擁有法語版本。

持续时间

Works published in Algeria before 1997 are subject to the 1973 copyright law: Ordonnance n° 73-14 du 3 avril 1973 relative au droit d'auteur (General rule: 25 year protection, see the chapter VII about duration).

Works published between 1997 and 2003 are subject to the 1997 copyright law: Ordonnance n° 10 du 6 mars 1997 relative aux droits d'auteur et aux droits voisins, non retroactive. (General rule: 50 year protection).

Works published from 2003 onwards, as well as those not in the public domain at the time the 2003 copyright law came into effect, are subject to the 2003 copyright law.

根據對應於2003年7月19日的Joumada El Oula 19號1424號法令第03-05號，

• 物質權利在作者的一生中以及從他死後的公曆年開始的50年內都受到保護。^{[Law of 2003, Art.54]}
• 聯合作品的保護期為從最後一位倖存的合著者去世後的公曆年結束算起50年。^{[Law of 2003, Art.55]}
• 集體、化名、匿名、死後或視聽作品的保護期為該作品首次合法出版的公曆年結束後的50年。如果作品自創作之日起50年內未發表，則50年保護期自其公開傳播的公曆年年末起生效。如果作品自創作之日起50年內未公開發行，則50年保護期自該作品創作的公曆年結束時起生效。^{[Law of 2003, Art.56–58, 60]}
• 繪畫和應用藝術作品自創作之日起保護50年。^{[Law of 2003, Art.59]}

但是，所有在1987年1月1日之前首次發布的照片​​都屬於公共領域，請參閱{{PD-Algeria-photo-except}}。

不受保护

• 保護不應包括與智力作品創作本身相關的思想、概念、原則、方法、技術、工作程序和模式，除非它們被納入受保護作品、結構化或安排在受保護作品中，並且以獨立於其的形式表達描述、解釋或澄清。^{[Law of 2003, Art.7]}
• 國家作品，合法提供用於非營利性目的的公共用途，可以自由使用，但須維護工作福利並突出其來源。在本文中，國家作品是指由各種國家機構、地方團體和行政性質的公共機構製作和出版的作品。^{[Law of 2003, Art.9]}
• 本條規定的經批准的版權保護不適用於國家機構、地方團體發布的行政法律、法規、決議和行政合同、司法裁決和這些文本的官方翻譯。^{[Law of 2003, Art.11]}

传统文化遗产：非自由

参见：共享资源:付费公有领域

根據阿爾及利亞2003年7月19日的版權及相關權法案，傳統文化遺產作品和國家作品被視為公共財產受到特殊保護。^{[Law of 2003, Art.8]} 國家版權和鄰接權局保護這些作品。^{[Law of 2003, Art.139]} 它們的使用須獲得該局的許可，如果使用是為了盈利，則應向該局支付版稅。^{[Law of 2003, Art.140]}

版权标签

• {{PD-Algeria-photo-except}} – 適用於1987年之前發布的照片。
• {{PD-Algeria}} – 其他作品。

货币

 不可以代表當前阿爾及利亞銀行發行的貨幣。根據阿爾及利亞2003年版權法，

• 國家作品，合法提供用於非營利性目的的公共用途，可以自由使用，但須維護工作福利並突出其來源。在本文中，國家作品是指由各種國家機構、地方團體和行政性質的公共機構製作和出版的作品。^{[Law of 2003, Art.9]}

使硬幣或紙幣與Commons許可政策不兼容的非商業限制。 這不適用於法國統治時期（直到1958年）的銀行機構阿爾及利亞銀行發行的紙幣和硬幣，因為它不是當前阿爾及利亞國家的官方機構。 該貨幣的版權狀態目前尚未確定。

全景自由

可以{{FoP-Algeria}}

根據2003年阿爾及利亞版權法第50條，未經作者授權且無報酬地複製或向公眾傳播建築或美術作品、應用藝術作品或攝影作品是合法的。永久位於公共場所的作品，美術館、博物館和分類文化或自然場所除外。^{[Law of 2003, Art.50]}

参见

• الجزائر / ⴷⵣⴰⵢⵔ
• Category:License tags of Algeria

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Bir Tawil

比尔泰维勒

其他地区，例如属地、联邦、曾经的国家

埃及和苏丹之间，比尔泰维勒的位置（图中白色）

Bir Tawil is an uninhabited area along the border between Egypt and Sudan that is claimed by neither country. It results from a dispute over the boundary between the two countries, where Egypt claims all land north of a straight line defined in 1899 and Sudan claims all land south of an irregular line defined in 1902. Bir Tawil is south of the straight line and north of the irregular line, with the result that each country claims the other owns it.

No works are currently published in Bir Tawil. Thus, if hypothetically someone both published a work in this region and also attempted to assert copyright over it, the copyright status of such a work is unknown, and would be addressed on a case-by-case basis. Unpublished works and works published outside of Bir Tawil will usually be subject to protection in the author's country and the country of publication. Published works that claim to be under the copyright of one of the various en:micronations that have claimed Bir Tawil rather than Egypt, Sudan, or the author's home country would lack copyright protection, as these micronations are not signatory to the relevant international copyright treaties.

参见

• Category:Bir Tawil
• 共享资源:各地著作权法规/埃及
• 共享资源:各地著作权法规/苏丹

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Ceuta

休达

其他地区，例如属地、联邦、曾经的国家

休达相对摩洛哥和西班牙本土的位置

休达是西班牙的一个自治市，位于非洲北方海岸，与摩洛哥王国陆上接壤。休达作为西班牙领土，属于欧盟的一部分。

源自休达的作品受西班牙版权法律管理。

不受保护

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#NOP

版权标签

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#TAG

货币

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#CUR

全景自由

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#FOP

邮票

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#邮票

参见

• Ceuta
• 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Egypt

埃及

著作权法规： 埃及 快捷方式: COM:埃及
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+50年
匿名	出版 + 50年
集体作品	出版 + 50年
死后出版	出版 + 50年
应用艺术	出版 + 25年
其他
全景自由	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Egypt}} {{PD-Egypt-folklore}} {{PD-Egypt-official}} {{PD-Egypt-stamp}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1977年6月7日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年6月30日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Egypt relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Egypt must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Egypt and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Egypt, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

The British took effective control of Egypt in the late 19th century, and on 5 November 1914 it became a British protectorate. Britain unilaterally declared that Egypt was independent on 22 February 1922, but retained a military presence until 1954.

Egypt has been a member of the Berne Convention since 7 June 1977 and the World Trade Organization since 30 June 1995.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Egypt. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database. A copy of the English text is also held on Commons. Law No. 82 of 2002 repealed Law #354 of 1954, and repealed any provisions of that law that contradicted the provisions of the new law.^{[82/2002 Article 2(c)]}

一般规则

According to Law No. 82 of 2002,

• The author's economic rights are protected throughout the lifetime of the author and for 50 years from the date of his death.^{[82/2002 Article 160]}
• The economic rights relating to works of joint authorship are protected throughout the lives of all co-authors and for 50 years from the death of the last survivor.^{[82/2002 Article 161]}
• For collective works, other than works of applied art,
  • Where the copyright holder is a legal entity, the economic rights are protected for 50 years from the date on which the work was published or made available to the public for the first time, whichever comes first.^{[82/2002 Article 162]}
  • Where the copyright holder is a natural person, the protection period is calculated as in Articles 160 and 161.^{[82/2002 Article 162]}

• The economic rights relating to a posthumous work expire after 50 years from the date the work was published or made available to the public for the first time, whichever comes first.^{[82/2002 Article 162]}
• The economic rights relating to a work published anonymously or under pseudonym are protected for 50 years from the date the work was published or made available to the public for the first time, whichever comes first.^{[82/2002 Article 163]}
• The economic rights of the author of a work of applied art expire 25 years from the date on which the work was published or made available to the public for the first time, whichever comes first.^{[82/2002 Article 164]}
• Producers of sound recordings enjoy an exclusive economic right for 50 years from the date on which the recording was made or made public, whichever comes first.^{[82/2002 Article 167]}

美国状态

As a result of the Uruguay Round Agreements Act,

• For non-creative photographic or audiovisual works copyright has expired in Egypt if published prior to 1987 and copyright has expired in the U.S. if published prior to 1981.
• For other works with an identifiable author, copyright has expired in Egypt if the author died prior to 1974 and copyright has expired in the U.S. if the author died prior to 1946 or published prior to 1929.
• For other works that are either anonymous or pseudonymous, copyright has expired in Egypt if published prior to 1974 and copyright has expired in the U.S. if published prior to 1946
• For other works (e.g. collective works) whose copyright is held by a legal person, copyright has expired in Egypt if published prior to 1974 and copyright has expired in the U.S. if published prior to 1946.

民俗

National folklore is any expression which consists of distinctive elements reflecting the traditional popular heritage, which originated or developed in Egypt, including in particular:^{[82/2002 Article 138(7)]}

• Oral expressions such as folk tales, poetry and charades, and other folklore;
• Musical expressions such as popular songs accompanied by music;
• Motion expressions, such as popular dances, plays, artistic forms and rituals;
• Tangible expressions such as: Products of popular plastic art, particularly drawings with lines and colours, engravings, sculpture, ceramics, pottery, woodwork and any inlaid designs, mosaics, metal or jewellery, hand-woven bags, needlework, textiles, carpets and clothes; Musical instruments; Architectural forms.

National folklore shall be considered part of the public domain of the people. The competent ministry shall exercise the author's economic and moral rights and shall protect and support such folklore.^{[82/2002 Article 142]}

版权标签

• {{PD Egypt}} – for all works other than those listed below.
• {{PD-Egypt-folklore}} – for works deemed part of Egypt's national folklore.
• {{PD-Egypt-official}} – for official documents.
• {{PD-Egypt-stamp}} – for Egyptian stamps published prior to 1946.
• {{FoP-Egypt}} — For photographs that benefit from the principle of freedom of panorama

货币

可以 According to Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights: "[Copyright protection] shall not cover the following: Official documents, whatever their source or target language, such as laws, regulations, resolutions and decisions, international conventions, court decisions, award of arbitrators and decisions of administrative committees having judicial competence."^{[82/2002 Article 141]}

全景自由

可以甚至可用于2D艺术作品。{{FoP-Egypt}}

According to Article 171 of Law No. 82 of 2002:

• Without prejudice to the moral rights of the author, pursuant to the provisions of the law herein, the author may not prevent third parties, after the publication of his work, from undertaking any of the following acts: ...^{[82/2002 Article 171]}
• Make a single copy of the work for one's exclusive personal use, provided that such a copy shall not hamper the normal exploitation of the work nor cause undue prejudice to the legitimate interests of the author or copyright holders;

However, the author or his successor may, after the publication of the work, prevent third parties from carrying out any of the following acts without his authorization:

• Reproduction or copying works of fine, applied or plastic arts, unless they were displayed in a public place, or works of architecture; ...^{[82/2002 Article 171(2)]}

By expressly denying the copyright holder the ability to enforce his copyright on works "displayed in a public place, or works of architecture" freedom of panorama for these items is implied. "Applied art" means art incorporated into useful articles. Plastic arts are three dimensional artworks. Fine arts are painting, photography, and sculpture, so Egypt's FOP is relatively broad, covering everything except text.

参见

• مصر
• Category:License tags of Egypt

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Libya

利比亞

著作权法规： 利比亚 快捷方式: COM:利比亚
保护期限
标准	作者逝世 + 25年或发表年份+50年
匿名	出版 + 25年
其他
全景自由	否
截至年底	否
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Libya}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1976年9月28日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Libya relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Libya must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Libya and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Libya, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

Libya was under Ottoman rule until 1911, when it became an Italian colony. From 1943 to 1951, Libya was under British/French occupation. Libya became independent as a kingdom in 1951.

Libya has been a member of the Berne Convention since 28 September 1976.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 9 for 1968 Issuing the Copyright Protection Law as the main copyright law enacted by the legislature of Libya. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database. A copy is also held in Wikisource.

Another source, written by IP firm Abu-Ghazaleh Intellectual Property on Mondaq claims that copyright is governed by Law No. 7 of 1984, which is based on Law No. 9 of 1968. According to the source, protection is valid for the lifetime of the author plus a period of 50 years and in order for a work to be protected, the work must be deposited at a "Copyright Protection Office" at the Ministry of Culture & Information within one month of its publication in Libya, or the entry of the work into Libya prior to distribution of 20 copies. Law No. 7 of 1984 is also mentioned by the United States Department of State in an investment climate statement.. However, Law No. 7 of 1984 is a law on depositing binders that are prepared for publication, not on copyright.

持续时间

Note: Libya is a party to the Berne Copyright law in 1976, which requires life + 50 years copyright length, however the provisions are only required to be implemented for foreign works, and Libya is not obligated to increase the duration of their own works.

According to Libyan Law No. 9 of 1968,

• Financial utilization rights expire 25 years after the death of the author, provided that the total period of protection shall not be less than 50 years as from the date of first publication of the work.^{[9/1968 Article 20]}
• However, for photographic and cinematic works which are limited to the mere mechanical transmission of scenery, such rights shall expire 5 years from the date of first publication of the work.^{[9/1968 Article 20]}
• The period of protection for joint works of art is calculated from the date of death of the last surviving author.^{[9/1968 Article 20]}
• If the author is a legal public or private entity, the financial utilization rights expire 30 years from the date of first publication of the work.^{[9/1968 Article 20]}
• The financial utilization rights of works of art published anonymously and under a pseudonym expire 25 years after publication of the work, unless the author's identity is revealed within this period^{[9/1968 Article 21]}
• The protection period for works of art published for the first time after the author's death expires 50 years after his death.^{[9/1968 Article 22]}

隐私权

According to Libyan Law No. 9 for 1968,

• A photographer may not show, publish or distribute a photograph unless the people depicted in the photograph have consented, unless the photograph is of a public event or of officials or persons enjoying public renown, or the public authorities have given permission for its publication for the general welfare. Notwithstanding the preceding, no photograph may be shown or circulated if doing so would result in detriment to the honour, reputation or social standing of the person depicted in the photograph.^{[9/1968 Article 36]}
• On the other hand, a person depicted in an engraving, painting, photograph, sculpture or other portrait has the right to authorize its publication in magazines, newspapers and similar publications even if the photographer does not consent, unless there is an agreement to the contrary.^{[9/1968 Article 36]}

不受保护

According to Libyan Law No. 9 for 1968, the following works are not subject to copyright, if they are not characterized by innovation, arrangement or any other personal effort worthy of protection^{[9/1968 Article 4]}:

• A collection made up of various works such as verse, prose and music anthologies and other collections. However, each individual work making up the collection is copyrighted.
• A collection of work that has become public property.
• A collection of official documents such as texts of laws, decrees, regulations, international agreements, legal judgements and various official documents.
• Official documents such as texts of laws, decrees, regulations, international agreements, legal judgements and various official documents.

版权标签

• {{PD-Libya}} – photos 5 years starting from the date of first publication of the work.

全景自由

 不可以 The Copyright Protection Law of Libya (Libyan Law No. (9) for 1968) does not have a suitable freedom of panorama provision for Wikimedia Commons.

A similar provision is found at Article(17)(b) but is restricted to limited educational uses in books: "The following shall be allowed in school books and in literature, history, science and art books:...(b) Copying published works on graphic art, sculpture and photography provided that copying shall be limited to the extent necessary to explain what is written."^{[9/1968 Article 17(b)]}

原创门槛

For photographic and cinematic works which are limited to the mere mechanical transmission of scenery, rights expire 5 years from the date of first publication.^{[9/1968 Article 20]}

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Melilla

梅利利亚

其他地区，例如属地、联邦、曾经的国家

梅利利亚相对于摩洛哥和西班牙本土的位置

梅利利亚是西班牙的一个自治市，位于非洲北方海岸，与摩洛哥王国陆上接壤。梅利利亚作为西班牙领土，是欧盟的一部分。

源自梅利利亚的作品由西班牙法律管理。

版权标签

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#TAG

货币

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#CUR

全景自由

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#FOP

邮票

参见: 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙#邮票

参见

• Melilla
• 共享资源:各地著作权法规/西班牙

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Morocco

摩洛哥

著作权法规： 摩洛哥 快捷方式: COM:摩洛哥
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+70年
匿名	创作或发表年份+70年
视听作品	创作或发表年份+70年
集体作品	创作或发表年份+70年
应用艺术	创作或发表年份+70年
其他
全景自由	否
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Morocco}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1917年6月16日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年1月1日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
世界知识产权协议	2011年7月20日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Morocco relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Morocco must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Morocco and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Morocco, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

管辖法律

In 1912, Morocco was divided into French and Spanish protectorates, with an international zone in Tangier. It regained independence in 1956.

Morocco has been a member of the Berne Convention since 16 June 1917, the World Trade Organization since 1 January 1995 and the WIPO Copyright Treaty since 20 July 2011.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 2-00 on Copyright and Related Rights (promulgated by Dahir No. 1-00-20 of 9 Kaada 1420 (February 15, 2000)) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Morocco. This law was modified by Dahir No. 1-05-192 of 15 Moharrem 1427 (14 February 2006) enacting Law No. 34-05 amending and supplementing Law No. 2-00 on Copyright and Related Rights. WIPO holds the text of the law as amended in 2006 in their WIPO Lex database.

The 2006 law replaced and repealed Dahir No. 1-69-135 of 25 joumada I 1390 (July 29, 1970), relating to the protection of literary and artistic works.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.71]} It was not retroactive, and does not apply to works that had already entered the public domain.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.69]} The protection term under Dahir No. 1-69-135 was 50 years.

一般规则

Under Moroccan Law as amended 2006,

• Except where otherwise specified below, economic rights in a work are protected during the author’s lifetime and for 70 years after his death.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.25]}
• A collaborative work is protected during the lifetime of the last surviving author and for 70 years after his death.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.26]}
• A work published anonymously or under a pseudonym is protected for 70 years from the year when it was first published or, where this has not occurred in the 50 years since the work was created, 70 years from the year when it was made available to the public or, where this has not occurred in the 50 years since production, 70 years from the year of creation.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.27]}
• A collective or audiovisual work is protected for a period of 70 years from the year when it was first published or, where this has not occurred in the 50 years since it was created, 70 years from the year when it was made available to the public or, where this has not occurred in the 70 years since creation, 70 years from the year of creation.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.28]}
• A work of applied art is protected for 70 years from the year when it was lawfully published for the first time, or where this has not occurred in the 50 years since creation, 70 years from the year of creation.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.29]}

In the above, any deadline expires at the end of the calendar year during which it would normally lapse.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.30]}

民俗表现：非自由

参见：共享资源:付费公有领域

"Expressions of folklore" means productions of elements characteristic of the traditional artistic heritage developed and preserved on the territory of the Kingdom of Morocco by a community or by individuals recognized as meeting the traditional artistic expectations of this community and comprising: popular tales, popular poetry and mysteries; songs and popular instrumental music; popular dances and shows; productions of the popular arts such as drawings, paintings, sculptures, terracottas, potteries, mosaics, works on wood, metallic objects, jewels, textiles, costumes.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.1(10)]}

Expressions of folklore shall be protected for the following uses, where those uses have a commercial aim or lie outside the conventional or customary framework: reproduction; communication to the public through representation, performance, broadcasting or cable transmission, or any other means; adaptation, translation or any other modification; fixation of expressions of folklore.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.7(1)]} The right to authorize the acts referred to in paragraph (1) of this Article shall belong to the Moroccan Copyright Office.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.7(4)]} The sums received in relation to this Article shall be allocated for professional purposes and to cultural development.^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.7(5)]}

版权标签

• {{PD-Morocco}} – All works are protected for 70 years after the author's death.
• {{PD-Morocco-exempt}} – Works not subject to copyright under Article 8 of the Law No. 34‐05 on Copyright and Related Rights.
• {{Data.gov.ma}} – Works published on Data.gov.ma, the government's open data portal

全景自由

 不可以: non-commercial only if work is the main subject of the image: {{NoFoP-Morocco}}

"It shall be permitted, without the author’s authorization or payment of a fee, to republish, broadcast or communicate to the public by cable an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work, or a work of applied art which is permanently located in a place open to the public, unless the image of the work is the main subject of such a reproduction, broadcast or communication and if it is used for commercial purposes".^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.20]}

Note: all images of works on Commons must be commercially usable; the exception only permits commercial use if the copyrighted work is not the main subject of the reproduction.

Not protected

Works that fit the following criteria are not protected under Moroccan copyright law:

• (a) official texts of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature, nor to their official translations;
• (b) current events;
• (c) ideas, processes, systems, operating methods, concepts, principles, discoveries or simple data, even if these are stated, described, explained, illustrated or incorporated in a work."^{[1-00-20 Art.8]}

微不足道

"It shall be permitted, without the author’s authorization or payment of a fee, to republish, broadcast or communicate to the public by cable an image of a work of architecture, a work of fine art, a photographic work, or a work of applied art which is permanently located in a place open to the public, unless the image of the work is the main subject of such a reproduction, broadcast or communication and if it is used for commercial purposes".^{[1-05-192/2006 Art.20]}

原创门槛

Moroccan copyright law defines a work as an "original intellectual creations in the literary and artistic field".^{[1-00-20 Art.3]} The law also specifies that protection is "independent from the mode or form of expression, nor the quality or purpose of the work".^{[1-00-20 Art.3]} This implies that, while present, the TOO in Morocco would be somewhat low.

See also some previous discussions:

• Commons:Village pump/Copyright/Archive/2021/04#Helps from Moroccan users needed
• Commons:Deletion requests/File:شعار-مصرف-المغرب.png

参见

• 摩洛哥
• Category:Moroccan FOP cases

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Sudan

苏丹

著作权法规： 苏丹 快捷方式: COM:苏丹
保护期限
标准	作者逝世 + 50年
照片	出版 + 25年
视听作品	出版 + 25年
其他
全景自由	否
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Sudan}} {{PD-Sudan-Photo}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	2000年12月28日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	2000年12月28日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Sudan relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Sudan must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Sudan and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Sudan, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.

背景

In 1898 the British defeated the Mahdist State and began to govern Sudan jointly with Egypt. Sudan obtained self-government in 1953 and full independence on 1 January 1956.

Sudan has been a member of the Berne Convention since 28 December 2000.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright and Neighboring Rights Protection Act 1996 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Sudan. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.

一般规则

Under the 1996 Act,

• The protection of economic rights in a work shall last during the author’s life and 50 years after his death.^{[1996 Section 13(2)]}
• The term of protection shall last 25 years from the date of publication of the following works:
  • photographic pictures and cinematographic films and other audiovisual works.^{[1996 Section 13(3a)]}
  • works which are published for the first time after the author’s death.^{[1996 Section 13(3b)]}
  • works published under unknown pseudonym or anonymously; the term starts to run from the date of first publication.^{[1996 Section 13(3c)]}
• In relation to a joint work the period shall start to run from the date of death of the last surviving author.^{[1996 Section 13(4)]}

政府版權

Under the 1996 law copyright does not extend to state emblems and symbols or official documents.^{[1996 Section 6]} "Official documents" means the official documents issued by the State or its institution, corporation or unit and which, by virtue of their specialization, are issued for publication to the public, including laws, Presidential or administrative orders, international agreements and judicial judgments, but not including military documents, secret agreements and deliberations of secret sessions in courts or legislative bodies".^{[1996 Section 3]}

民俗：非自由

参见：共享资源:付费公有领域

National folklore of the Sudanese community is deemed to be the property of the State. The State represented by the Ministry of Culture and Information, shall endeavor to protect works of folklore by all legal ways and means, and shall exercise the rights of an author in cases of mutilation, transformation and commercial exploitation.^{[1996 Section 7]}

版权标签

• {{PD-Sudan}} – photos and films 25 years after publication, starting from the publication date.
• {{PD-Sudan-Photo}}

货币

• 可以: Banknote designs before 18 December 1996
•  不可以: Banknote designs on or after 18 December 1996

Sudan's first copyright law entered into force on 18 December 1996 and did not extend protection to works already in the public domain. Banknotes issued before this date are therefore in the public domain in Sudan. Because these banknotes were in the public domain in Sudan before it joined the Berne Convention (28 December 2000), they are also in the public domain in the United States and may be uploaded to Commons.

The status of banknote designs released after 18 December 1996 is unclear. Under Sudanese copyright law, "official documents" are in the public domain, but banknotes may not fall under the definition of "official documents". If that definition does not include banknotes, then banknotes will be protected for 50 years after the death of the last contributing author.

全景自由

 不可以 Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Protection Act 1996, article 14 covers restrictions on copyright, i.e. cases where copyright protection does not apply. It states that "newspapers, magazines, periodicals, radio and television may: ... (c) publish or convey any photograph taken on the occasion of a public event or a photograph concerning an official or famous person; in all such cases the title of the work reproduced and the name of its author shall be mentioned." However, this does not allow other uses of photographs, e.g. for outdoor advertising, so would not be acceptable for Commons.

参见

• Category:Sudanese FOP cases

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明

文本嵌入自
COM:Tunisia

突尼西亞

著作权法规： 突尼斯 快捷方式: COM:突尼斯
保护期限
标准	作者逝世+50年
照片	创作年份+50年
匿名	出版 + 50年
视听作品	創作或發表年份+50年
死后出版	出版 + 50年
其他
全景自由	是
截至年底	是
一般授权条款标签	{{PD-Tunisia}}
协议
伯尔尼公约	1887年12月5日
世界贸易组织成员	1995年3月29日
乌拉圭回合协议法案回溯日期‌*	1996年1月1日
*‌只要一个作品在美国可以受版权保护，在1928年12月31日之后发表，并在来源国的URAA日期受版权保护，那么它通常会在美国受保护。

本页提供突尼斯版权法规的概况，用以辅助向维基共享资源上传作品。请注意，任何原来在突尼斯当地发表的作品，必须在突尼斯和美国同时处于公有领域或是以自由授权协议发布，才能够上传至维基共享资源。如果您对于在突尼斯发表的任何一个作品的著作权有疑虑，请参考下列对应的法规来进行厘清。

背景

The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained full independence on 20 March 1956.

Tunisia has been a member of the Berne Convention since 5 December 1887 and the World Trade Organization since 29 March 1995.

As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed Law No. 94-36 of February 24, 1994, on Literary and Artistic Property as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Tunisia. WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database. This was amended by Law No. 2009-33 of 23 June 2009 amending and supplementing Law No. 94 36 of 24 February 1994 on literary and artistic property.

一般规则

According to the 1994 law as amended in 2009,

• Protection of the rights of the author lasts during his entire life, the remainder of the year of his death and 50 years, as from January first of the year following that of his death.^{[2009-33 Article 18]}
• For works of collaboration, protection lasts during 50 years as from the first of January of the year following that of the death of the last co-author.^{[2009-33 Article 18]}
• For anonymous or pseudonymous works, protection lasts 50 years as from the first of January of the year following that of the first publication of work.^{[2009-33 Article 18]}

• For works published after the author death, protection lasts 50 years as from January first of the year following that of the first publication of work.^{[2009-33 Article 18]}
• The protection of the pecuniary rights of the author for photographic works lasts 50 years as from the date of realization of work.^{[2009-33 Article 19]}
• The duration of protection of the pecuniary rights of cinematographic or audio-visual works is 50 years as from the first licit public representation of work. In the absence of representation, the duration of this protection is fifty years as from the date of realization of the first copy of reference.^{[2009-33 Article 42bis]}

Before 5 July 2009, a photographic work was protected for 25 years from creation. Pictures taken before July 5, 1984 have already been placed into the public domain.

Folklore: not free

参见：共享资源:付费公有领域

Folklore forms part of the national heritage and any transcription of folklore with a view to exploitation for profit shall require authorization from the Ministry responsible for culture against payment of a fee for the benefit of the welfare fund of the Copyright Protection Agency. Authorization from the Ministry responsible for culture shall also be required for the production of works inspired by folklore for the full or partial assignment of copyright in a work inspired by folklore or for an exclusive license with respect to such work. Folklore within the meaning of this Law shall be any artistic heritage bequeathed by preceding generations and bound up with customs and traditions and any aspect of folk creation such as folk stories, writings, music and dance.^{[94-36/1994 Article 7]}

版权标签

{{PD-Tunisia}}

The Tunisian law n°94-36 of February 24, 1994 on literary and artistic property stipulates that:

• Copyright shall subsist for the lifetime of the author and for 50 Gregorian years counted from January 1 of the year following the author's death…
• In the case of works of joint authorship, the date of the death of the last surviving author…
• In the case of anonymous or pseudonymous works, copyright shall subsist for 50 years as from the date on which the work has been lawfully made available to the public…
• In the case of photographic works, copyright shall only subsist for 25 Gregorian years as from the year during which the work was made.

全景自由

可以 {{FoP-Tunisia}}

Allowed uses without permission include "the reproduction or communication of a work of architecture or fine arts, or of a work of the applied arts or a photographic work, when it is located permanently in a public place, except for the museums, art galleries or any artistic heritage bequeathed by the former generations.^{[2009-33 Article 10(g)]}

参见

• تونس / Tunest / Tunisie
• Category:Tunisian FOP cases

引用

注意：上述描述可能不准确，不完整或过时，因此必须谨慎对待。在您上传文件至维基共享资源前，您应当确保其可以自由使用。 参见：共享资源:免责声明