File:Four Proplyds in the Orion Nebula (Hubble) (2020-24-4651-Image).tiff
Four_Proplyds_in_the_Orion_Nebula_(Hubble)_(2020-24-4651-Image).tiff (600 × 600 pixels, file size: 1.06 MB, MIME type: image/tiff)
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DescriptionFour Proplyds in the Orion Nebula (Hubble) (2020-24-4651-Image).tiff |
English: These are Hubble Space Telescope images of four protoplanetary disks around young stars in the Orion Nebula, approximately 1,300 light-years away. The disks range in size from two to eight times the diameter of our solar system. Astronomers spotted the disks in large-scale survey images of the Orion nebula taken with Hubble between January 1994 and March 1995. |
Date | 30 April 2020 (upload date) |
Source | Four Proplyds in the Orion Nebula (Hubble) |
Author | IMAGE: NASA, Mark J. McCaughrean (MPI-A), C. Robert O'Dell (Rice University) |
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Public domainPublic domainfalsefalse |
This file is in the public domain because it was created by NASA, ESA and CSA. NASA Webb material is copyright-free and may be freely used as in the public domain without fee, on the condition that only NASA, STScI, and/or ESA/CSA is credited as the source of the material. This license does not apply if source material from other organizations is in use. The material was created for NASA by Space Telescope Science Institute under Contract NAS5-03127. Copyright statement at webbtelescope.org. For material created by the European Space Agency on the esawebb.org site, use the {{ESA-Webb}} tag. |
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Image title | These are Hubble Space Telescope images of four newly discovered protoplanetary disks around young stars in the Orion nebula, located 1,500 light-years away. Gas and dust disks, long suspected by astronomers to be an early stage of planetary formation, can be directly seen in visible light by Hubble.
Disks around young stars (also known as circumstellar or protoplanetary disks) are thought to be made up of 99% gas and 1% dust. Even that small amount of dust is enough to make the disks opaque and dark at visible wavelengths. The dark disks are seen in these images because they are silhouetted against the bright backdrop of the hot gas of the Orion nebula. The red glow in the center of each disk is a young, newly formed star, roughly one million years old (compared to the 4.5 billion year age of the Sun). The stars range in mass from 30% to 150% of the mass of our own Sun. As they evolve, the disks may go on to form planetary systems like our own. While only a handful of these dark silhouette disks have been discovered so far, they seem to belong to a much larger family of similar objects, and current indications are that protoplanetary disks are common in the Orion nebula. Mark McCaughrean of the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, Germany, and his collaborator C. Robert O'Dell from Rice University, Houston, Texas, spotted the new disks in large-scale survey images of the Orion nebula that O'Dell had taken with Hubble between January 1994 and March 1995. A detailed study of the disk images has been submitted for publication to the Astronomical Journal. Each image is 167 billion miles, or 257 billion kilometers, across (30 times the diameter of our own solar system). The disks range in size from two to eight times the diameter of our solar system. The researchers explain the different circular or elliptical shapes as being due to the fact that each disk is tilted toward Earth by different degrees. Each picture is a composite of three images taken with Hubble's Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2, through narrow-band filters which admit the light of emission lines of ionized oxygen (represented here by blue), hydrogen (green), and nitrogen (red). The hot gas of the background Orion nebula emits strongly at each of these wavelengths, providing a strong backdrop for the disks to be silhouetted against. In each case, the central star is also clearly visible. |
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Author | Space Telescope Science Institute Office of Public Outreach |
Width | 600 px |
Height | 600 px |
Bits per component |
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Compression scheme | Uncompressed |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Image data location | 26,448 |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Number of rows per strip | 600 |
Bytes per compressed strip | 1,080,000 |
Horizontal resolution | 100 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 100 dpi |
Data arrangement | chunky format |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop 21.1 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 09:00, 20 April 2020 |
Exif version | 2.31 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |