Cephalanthera rubra

Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Red Helleborine']

• English: red helleborine
• беларуская: Пылкагалоўнік чырвоны
• български: Червен главопрашник
• català: Curraià vermell
• čeština: okrotice červená
• Cymraeg: Y galdrist goch
• dansk: Rød Skovlilje
• Deutsch: Rotes Waldvöglein
• eesti: Punane tolmpea
• suomi: punavalkku
• français: Céphalanthère rouge
• galego: Chaveiro vermello
• hornjoserbsce: Čerwjena ptačulinka
• magyar: Piros madársisak
• italiano: Cefalantera rossa
• Lëtzebuergesch: Roude Bëschvillchen
• lietuvių: Raudonasis garbenis
• latviešu: Sarkanā cefalantēra
• norsk bokmål: Rød skogfrue
• Nederlands: Rood bosvogeltje
• norsk nynorsk: Raud skogfrue
• norsk: Rød skogfrue
• polski: Buławnik czerwony
• русский: Пыльцеголовник красный
• slovenčina: prilbovka červená
• svenska: Röd skogslilja, Rödsyssla
• українська: Булатка червона

APG IV Classification: Domain: Eukaryota • (unranked): Archaeplastida • Regnum: Plantae • Cladus: Angiosperms • Cladus: monocots • Ordo: Asparagales • Familia: Orchidaceae • Subfamilia: Epidendroideae • Tribus: Neottieae • Genus: Cephalanthera • Species: Cephalanthera rubra (L.) Rich. (1817)

Synonyms

Basionym Serapias rubra L., Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 594 (1767) Homotypic synonyms Epipactis rubra (L.) F.W.Schmidt, Samml. Phys.-Ökon. Aufs. 1: 253 (1795) Cymbidium rubrum (L.) Sw., J. Bot. (Schrader) 2: 226 (1799) Helleborine rubra (L.) Schrank, Fl. Monac. 2: 119 (1814) Dorycheile rubra (L.) Fuss, Fl. Transsilv.: 628 (1866) Limodorum rubrum (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 671 (1891) Heterotypic synonyms Epipactis purpurea Crantz, Stirp. Austr. Fasc., ed. 2, 2: 457 (1769) Cephalanthera comosa Tineo in G.Gussone, Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 877 (1844) Cephalanthera rubra var. comosa (Tineo) Nyman, Consp. Fl. Eur.: 687 (1882) Epipactis rubra lusus albiflora Harz in D.F.L.von Schlechtendal, Fl. Deutschl. ed. 5, 4: 330 (1896) Epipactis rubra lusus parviflora Harz in D.F.L.von Schlechtendal, Fl. Deutschl. ed. 5, 4: 327 (1896) Cephalanthera rubra lusus albiflora (Harz) Touss. & Hoschedé, Fl. Vernon: 254 (1898) Cephalanthera rubra f. latior Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 222 (1906) Cephalanthera rubra var. tenczyniensis Zapal., Consp. Fl. Gallic. Crit. 1: 222 (1906) Epipactis rubra var. parviflora (Harz) W.Zimm., Form. Orch. Deut.: 82 (1912) Cephalanthera rubra f. parviflora (Harz) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 115 (1928) Cephalanthera rubra f. tenczyniensis (Zapal.) Soó, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 23: 115 (1928) Cephalanthera rubra var. leucantha Bordz., in Fl. RSS Ucr. 3: 349 (1950) Cephalanthera rubra f. alba Raynaud, Orchid. Maroc: 93 (1985) Cephalanthera rubra f. comosa (Tineo) Robatsch, Wulfenia 7: 104 (2000)

Images of the whole plant

• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  A Pinós (Solsonès - Catalunya)
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Leutra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  habitat
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  habitat
  Luxembourg
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  France
  Catena de Rangeval
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  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Luxembourg
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Luxembourg
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Greece - Thasos
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Henschelberg (bei Mosbach)
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal

Inflorescences

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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Austria - Lower Austria
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  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra

Flowers

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  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  A Pinós (Solsonès - Catalunya)
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  A Torà (Segarra - Catalunya)
• 
  A Pinós (Solsonès - Catalunya)
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  A Peramola (Alt Urgell - Catalunya)
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  A Montpol (Solsonès - Catalunya)
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Kaiserstuhl
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Czech
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Rohrwald
  Lower Austria
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Lilienthal
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Henschelberg (bei Mosbach)
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France - Dordogne
  Trélissac
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Rohrwald
  Lower Austria
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Kaiserstuhl
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Saarland
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Hüfingen
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France
  Catena de Rangeval
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  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  France
  Catena de Rangeval
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Saarland
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Luxembourg
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Luxembourg
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Kärnten
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  Cephalanthera rubra
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  Cephalanthera rubra
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  Cephalanthera rubra
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  Cephalanthera rubra
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  Cephalanthera rubra
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  Turkey

Buds

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  Cephalanthera rubra
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France - Bucey-lès-Gy
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France - Bucey-lès-Gy
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  Cephalanthera rubra

[[:Category:Cephalanthera rubra (fruit)|Capsules (fruit)]]

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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France - Dordogne
  Trélissac

Leaves

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  Cephalanthera rubra
  France - Dordogne
  Trélissac
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  Cephalanthera rubra
  Germany - Ersingen

Cephalanthera rubra f. alba Raynaud (1985) as syn.

• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  alba colour
  Luxembourg

Botanical illustrations

• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  plate 155 in:
  Otto Wilhelm Thomé:
  Flora von Deutschland, Österreich u.d. Schweiz
  (Orchidaceae),
  Gera (1885)
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  plate 155 in:
  Otto Wilhelm Thomé:
  Flora von Deutschland, Österreich u.d. Schweiz
  (Orchidaceae),
  Gera (1885)

  (modified)

• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  plate 337 in:
  A. Masclef:
  Atlas des plantes
  de France
  (Orchidaceae)
  Paris (1891)
• 
  Cephalanthera rubra
  plate 6 in:
  Henry Correvon:
  Album des orchidées de l'Europe centrale et septentrionale
  Genève (1899)
• 

  Cephalanthera rubra
  Tafel 55 in:
  Walter Müller:
  Abbildungen der in Deutschland und den angrenzenden Gebieten vorkommenden Grundformen der Orchideenarten
  Berlin (1904)

• 

  Cephalanthera rubra
  (1924)

Native distribution areas

Reference: Brummitt, R.K. (2001) TDGW - World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition Continental: Africa Regional: Northern Africa Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia. Continental: Asia-Temperate Regional: Caucasus North Caucasus, Transcaucasus. Regional: Middle Asia Turkmenistan. Regional: Western Asia Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Turkey. Continental: Europe Regional: Eastern Europe Baltic States, Belarus, Central European Russia, East European Russia, Krym, Northwest European Russia, South European Russia, Ukraine. Regional: Middle Europe Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands †, Poland, Switzerland. Regional: Northern Europe Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden. Regional: Southwestern Europe Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain. Regional: Southeastern Europe Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.

References

Description of taxon

• Richard, L.C.M. (1818) Mémoires du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle 4: 60.

Selected Bibliography

• Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) (2006) Genera Orchidacearum Volume 4 Epidendroideae (Part one); page 496 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0198507127
  

Selected Weblinks

Wikispecies has an entry on: Cephalanthera rubra.

• Kew Gardens 'World Checklist' link : Cephalanthera rubra
• eMonocot link: Cephalanthera rubra
• Tropicos link: Cephalanthera rubra
• International Plant Names Index link: Cephalanthera rubra
• The Plant List link: Cephalanthera rubra