Category:Brocken spectres

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English: A Brocken spectre (German Brockengespenst), also called Brocken bow or mountain spectre is the apparently enormously magnified shadow of an observer, cast upon the upper surfaces of clouds opposite the sun. The phenomenon can appear on any misty mountainside or cloud bank, or even from an aeroplane, but the frequent fogs and low-altitude accessibility of the Brocken, a peak in the Harz Mountains in Germany, have created a local legend from which the phenomenon draws its name. The Brocken spectre was observed and described by Johann Silberschlag in 1780, and has since been recorded often in literature about the region.

The "spectre" appears when the sun shines from behind a climber who is looking down from a ridge or peak into mist. The light projects the climber's shadow forward through the mist, often in an odd triangular shape due to perspective. The apparent magnification of size of the shadow is an optical illusion that occurs when the observer judges his shadow on relatively nearby clouds to be at the same distance as faraway land objects seen through gaps in the clouds, or when there are no reference points at all by which to judge its size. The shadow also falls on water droplets of varying distances from the eye, confusing depth perception. The ghost can appear to move (sometimes quite suddenly) because of the movement of the cloud layer.

The head of the figure is often surrounded by the glowing halo-like rings of a glory, rings of coloured light that appear directly opposite the sun when sunlight is reflected by a cloud of uniformly-sized water droplets.
<nowiki>Espectro de Brocken; Spectre de Brocken; Brockenska sablast; Brocken espektro; Брокенский призрак; Brockengespenst; Bóng ma Brocken (hiện tượng quang học); Բրոկենյան ուրվական; 布羅肯奇景; Brokeno šmėkla; brockenska prikazen; ブロッケン現象; espectre de Brocken; เงาบร็อคเคิน; widmo Brockenu; Brockenspekter; Brockenspøkelse; Брокенський привид; Brockenspöke; Fenomena Brocken; 브로켄의 요괴; Brocken spectre; شبح بروكن; Brockenské strašidlo; Brockenské strašidlo; povečana senca opazovalca na oblakih v nasprotni smeri sonca; 大気光学現象のひとつ; ombre agrandie d'un observateur projetée sur des nuages opposés à la direction du Soleil; Objektu baten itzal handitua, eguzkiaren aurkako aldean ur-tantazko hodei edo laino batean agertzen dena. Alemaniako Harz mendietako Brocken tontorrean maiz ikusi izan den fenomenoa da; Атмосферное оптическое явление, разновидность глории; cień obserwatora rzucany na chmurę znajdującą się po jego przeciwnej stronie niż słońce; Wetterphänomen; efecto óptico en la niebla; magnified shadow of an observer cast upon clouds opposite the Sun's direction; ظاهرة بصرية; 光學現象; ombra ampliada d'un observador projectada sobre núvols oposats a la direcció del Sol; Броккенский призрак; Brocken bow; mountain spectre; Brocken specter; Brocken phenomenon; Brocken "Spectre"; mamidło górskie; zjawisko Brockenu; Brockenské spektrum; Horské strašidlo; 布羅肯現象; 布羅肯幽靈; 布羅肯虹; 布羅肯弧; 山中鬼影</nowiki>
Brocken spectre 
magnified shadow of an observer cast upon clouds opposite the Sun's direction
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