File:Scanning Electron Microscope image of contents of pendant, showing unprocessed flax fibres (FindID 256636-385397).jpg

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Summary[edit]

Close up view of the front panel of the pendant, depicting the Virgin Mary
Photographer
The British Museum, Ian Richardson, 2012-08-17 10:45:49
Title
Close up view of the front panel of the pendant, depicting the Virgin Mary
Description
English: A medieval reliquary pendant of lozenge shape with a suspension loop. The reliquary pendant is gold and dates from the first half of the sixteenth century.

The front panel of the reliquary is engraved with an image of a female saint, either the Virgin Mary or St Helena, supporting the cross. The cross is speckled in a manner suggesting that it is splattered with blood. To the left and right of the figure are foliate tendrils. The saint stands on a chequerboard design, probably indicating a tiled floor or pavement.

The back panel slides out to reveal a cavity, undoubtedly designed to contain a relic. This panel has suffered some damage and was upon discovery immovable, since it has been pressed at its bottom into the interior of the pendant. It is engraved with the five wounds of Christ and a profusion of droplets indicating blood. Devotion to the blood and wounds of Christ was one of the hallmarks of late medieval piety. The engraved detail was probably originally enamelled. Marilyn Hockey, Head of Metals Conservation in the British Museum's Department of Conservation and Scientific Research, undertook a procedure working under microscope and using a specially made miniature probe to prise the lid free. It now slides in and out along grooves cut into the side panels, as designed.

The contents of the reliquary were matted root hairs. They were examined by Caroline Cartwright, Organics Conservator in the British Museum's Department of Conservation and Scientific Research, under scanning electron microscope and small but identifiable fragments of the outer stems of flax (Linum usitatissimum) were also visible. These represented unprocessed flax stem pieces, possibly from flax plants grown locally. They are not processed flax fibres from linen textiles or clothing.

The side panels of the pendant carry on three faces the names of the Magi: Iaspar, Melcior, Baltasar (Jaspar, Melchior and Balthazar). The fourth side panel is engraved with foliate ornament. The letters of the inscription are of a type of Lombardic script in use in the sixteenth century, as evidenced, for instance by Sergeants' rings of the period.

There is a coiled suspension loop, which has a notch cut into it to enable the removal of the back panel.

The British Museum's Department of Conservation and Scientific Research conducted non-destructive X-ray fluorescence analysis of the surface of the pendant, which indicated a gold content of 69 to 73%, a silver content of 19 to 21%, with copper making up the rest of the alloy.

Depicted place (County of findspot) Essex
Date between 1500 and 1550
date QS:P571,+1550-00-00T00:00:00Z/7,P1319,+1500-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1550-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
Accession number
FindID: 256636
Old ref: ESS-2C4836
Filename: Hockley_Pendant_1.jpg
Credit line
The Portable Antiquities Scheme (PAS) is a voluntary programme run by the United Kingdom government to record the increasing numbers of small finds of archaeological interest found by members of the public. The scheme started in 1997 and now covers most of England and Wales. Finds are published at https://finds.org.uk
Source https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/392868
Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/392868/recordtype/artefacts
Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/256636
Permission
(Reusing this file)
Attribution-ShareAlike License version 4.0 (verified 23 November 2020)
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Licensing[edit]

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This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.
Attribution: The Portable Antiquities Scheme/ The Trustees of the British Museum
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Under the following conditions:
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Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current17:21, 7 February 2017Thumbnail for version as of 17:21, 7 February 20171,280 × 960 (820 KB) (talk | contribs)Portable Antiquities Scheme, create missing image based on cross-ref check. FindID 256636, ImageID 385397.

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