File:Memories of the Saturn V (49622589023).jpg
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DescriptionMemories of the Saturn V (49622589023).jpg |
For a bit of mid-week cheer, let me share a *fantastic* techno-archaeologist <a href="http://www.righto.com/2020/03/the-core-memory-inside-saturn-v-rockets.html" rel="noreferrer nofollow">photo essay Ken</a> did on my core memory module from the LVDC (Launch Vehicle Digital Computer). It holds the flight program for Apollo, guiding the huge Saturn V rocket from launch to low-Earth orbit to trans-lunar injection. This triple-redundant autopilot system saved the Apollo 12 mission when lighting struck the rocket twice early in the launch, knocking out displays and controls for the astronauts. I love the wrap-around electronics design — not yet a fully planar mindset. The outer wrap consists of timing, drive, inhibit and sensing circuits for the magnetic memory array. Built by IBM for NASA, it is festooned hybrid ceramic modules, not integrated circuits. At this point in 1966, the Apollo program consumed 60% of global semiconductor output. (It was also the year that my dad entered the semiconductor manufacturing business, immigrating to Arizona for a job at Motorola, and that is I why I am a U.S. citizen.) This module stores 106k bits (4096 words of 26 bits + 2 parity bits, across 14 planes) in a five-pound block. More interesting still is the ghost in the machine. The little iron rings within still hold whatever program they had when powered down (the magnetic memory does not fade). Since there are no tapes or archives of the code saved anywhere by NASA, it is possible that the only remaining copy of the Saturn V flight program is in cores like this. Ken opens with "This memory module was technologically advanced for the mid-1960s, using surface-mount components, hybrid modules, and flexible connectors that made it an order of magnitude smaller and lighter than mainframe core memories (of the day). Even so, this memory stored just 4096 words of 26 bits." |
Date | |
Source | Memories of the Saturn V |
Author | Steve Jurvetson from Los Altos, USA |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by jurvetson at https://flickr.com/photos/44124348109@N01/49622589023. It was reviewed on 13 December 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
13 December 2020
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Camera manufacturer | Canon |
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Camera model | Canon EOS REBEL T5i |
Exposure time | 1/125 sec (0.008) |
F-number | f/11 |
ISO speed rating | 800 |
Date and time of data generation | 14:46, 24 February 2020 |
Lens focal length | 35 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
File change date and time | 14:46, 24 February 2020 |
Exposure Program | Manual |
Exif version | 2.3 |
Date and time of digitizing | 14:46, 24 February 2020 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 4.3620309307078 APEX (f/4.53) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
DateTime subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeOriginal subseconds | 00 |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Focal plane X resolution | 5,798.6577181208 |
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Focal plane resolution unit | inches |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
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White balance | Auto white balance |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Lens used | Canon EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM |
Rating (out of 5) | 0 |