File:American school building standards (1910) (14747335346).jpg

Identifier: americanschoolbu01mill (find matches)
Title: American school building standards
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: Mills, Wilbur Thoburn, 1868-
Subjects: School buildings
Publisher: Columbus, O., : Franklin Educational Pub. Co.
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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ed fifteen ortwenty years ago in comparison with those beingerected at the present time. Probably the first step in the present develop-ment, was the abolition of the range and dry closetsystems, and the development of individual waterflushing closets of sanitary design. The process ofdevelopment has been a long one, and has probablynot yet reached its utmost perfection, but severaltypes of water closets have been developed whichare highly satisfactory for school use. First amongthese may be mentioned the system of closets knownas latrines because they are the least satisfactory ofthe types now in use. They are merely a modern de-velopment of the old style range closet, in which anumber of bowls are arranged consecutively and con-nected together in such a manner that the entirerange may be flushed by the flow of water which iscaused to pass through them at short intervals. Theymay also be provided with positive means of ven-tilation, but care should be exercised that the ven- 69 ®=*F
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Plan of Water Closet Stalls Details of Ventilated 11 I WATER CL.05ET5; 5TALLS Primary Hi&h 5choou Utility Chamber Etc. ^Elevation or Stall Doors 70 tilation of closets has no connection whatever, withthe system of ventilation controlling school rooms.The merits claimed for latrines are that they are sosimple in construction that it is almost impossiblefor them to get out of order, and that the control ofthe flushing device rests entirely with the janitor,who adjusts the apparatus as desired. Properly con-structed latrines, connected with plumbing thor-oughly well done, and so designed as to be flushedautomatically and powerfully, are quite satisfactoryand are being used in a large number of present dayschools. However, another and better type of closet isbeing used extensively, consisting of a porcelainbowl of either wash down or siphon jet pattern, sodesigned that pressure upon the seat of the fixtureadmits water to the tank placed on the wall in therear of the closet. When the s

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