File:A popular chemistry; (1887) (14779048102).jpg

Identifier: popularchemist00stee (find matches)
Title: A popular chemistry;
Year: 1887 (1880s)
Authors: Steele, J(oel) Dorman, 1836-1886. (from old catalog)
Subjects: Chemistry
Publisher: New York and Chicago, A. S. Barnes & company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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pro-duces a peculiarkind of intoxica-tion, often attended with uncontrollable laughter, and hence it has re-ceived the popular name of laughing gas. The effectsoon passes off. If taken for a longer time, it causesinsensibility, and is therefore valuable as an anaes-thetic in minor surgical operations, as in pulling teeth. Nitric Oxide, NO.—Preparation.—This gas may beprepared by the action of dilute HN03 on copperclippings. The flask (a, Fig. 9) will soon be filledwith red fumes, but a colorless gas will collect inthe jar over water. At the conclusion of the process,the flask will contain a deep blue solution of coppernitrate (Cu2N03). By filtering and evaporating, thebeautiful crystals of this salt may be obtained. There are two changes involved in the reaction ;in the first, copper nitrate is formed and H set free:Cu + 2HN03 = Cu2N03 + 2H ; 34 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY. and then the H is oxidized by the nitric acid withthe production of water and NO : 2HN03 + 6H = 4H20 + 2NO. Fig. 9.
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Preparing NO. Properties.—NO is a colorless, irrespirable gas witha disagreeable odor. It does not burn, nor does itsupport combustion, although it contains twice asmuch 0 as N20. This shows that the 0 is held morefirmly than in the latter gas. Its remarkable prop-erty is its affinity for 0. Let a bubble escape intothe air, and red fumes of nitric peroxide (N02) willbe formed.* * This may be illustrated still more prettily by the following experi-ment :—Mil a small jar with water colored blue by litmus solution, andpass up into it sufficient NO to occupy about one third of the bottle; thelitmus will not change in color. Now allow a few bubbles of O to rise intothe NO; deep red fumes will be formed, which will quickly dissolve, andthe blue solution become red. If both the O and the NO be pure, it ispossible, by cautiously adding O, to cause a complete absorption of bothgases. If common air were used instead of O, only N would then remainin the .jar. NITROGEN. 35 Pig. 10. Ammonia, N

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