File:A dictionary, practical, theoretical and historical of commerce and commercial navigation (1880) (14595102268).jpg

Identifier: dictionaryprac00mccu (find matches)
Title: A dictionary, practical, theoretical and historical of commerce and commercial navigation
Year: 1880 (1880s)
Authors: McCulloch, J. R. (John Ramsay), 1789-1864
Subjects: McCullock, John Ramsay Commerce
Publisher: London, Longmans
Contributing Library: Robarts - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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which is undeter-mined ; procured originally from the Levant, butnow supplied chiefly from Manilla. It is used forthe most part in pharmacy. It is a soft, unctu-ous, adhesive mass, becoming harder and moreresinous by age, of a yellowish-white colour, witha rather fragrant, fennel-like odour, almost en-tirely soluble in rectified spirit. (British Phar-macopoeia of the Medical Council, 1867.) ELEPHANTS TEETH. Under 20 lbs. weight,they are called scrivellas. In Bengal and Ma-dras they are reckoned at 16 cwt. to the ton inbulk, 50 cubic feet in cases; Bombay 18 cwt. inbundles, 20 cwt. loose. (Stevens On Stowage.*)(Ivory.) ELM (Ulmus). A tree common in GreatBritain, said to have been introduced to thiscountry by the Crusaders. The tree does best inlow and moist soils. It attains to a great size,and lives to a great age : its trunk is often ruggedand crooked, and it is of slow growth. The colour ■ 3 ■.. q> f*)j 12 I Sr ?) ( • ^: \\ •!■■,.■ * JO \A.A\ THE SOUND Nantic Miles
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. London, ),onq mans $= ELSINEUK 587 of the heart-wood of elm is generally darker thanthat of oak, and of a redder brown. The sap-woodis of a yellowish or brownish white, with pores in-clined to red. It is in general porous, and cross-grained, sometimes coarse-grained, and has nolarger septa. It has a peculiar odour. It twistsand warps much in drying, and shrinks very muchboth in length and breadth. It is difficult to work,but is not liable to split, and bears the drivingof bolts and nails better than any other timber.In Scotland, chairs and other articles of house-hold furniture are frequently made of elm wood ;but in England, where the wood is inferior, it ischiefly used in the manufacture of coffins, casks,packing cases, pumps, pipes &c. It is appro-priated to these purposes from its great du-rability in water, which also occasions its exten-sive use as piles and planking for wet foundations.The naves of wheels are frequently made of elm ;those of the heavy waggons and drays of

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