File:The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world (1908) (14765043042).jpg

Identifier: americanaunivers08newy (find matches)
Title: The Americana; a universal reference library, comprising the arts and sciences, literature, history, biography, geography, commerce, etc., of the world
Year: 1908 (1900s)
Authors:
Subjects: Encyclopedias and dictionaries
Publisher: New York : Scientific American Compiling Dept.
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive

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versity, removed from .-Vboin 1827, has a library of over 190.000 volumes.There are manufactures of linen, sail-cloth, to-bacco, etc., and an important trade is carried on.Pop. (1903) 94.000. Helvetian Republic the designation ofthe republic established in Switzerland by Francein 1798. See Switzerl,\xd. Helvetic Confession, the name of a docu-ment drawn up by Manin Buccr in 1536 tosettle the controversy between the Lutherans andthe Zwinglians: and also of one drawn up byBullinger (1566) at the request of FriedrichIII., elector of the Palatinate, and adopted inSwitzerland, the Palatinate, France, Hungary,Poland, and Scotland. Helvetii, hel-veshi-i, a former Gallic orCeltic nation living between the Rhone and theRhine, the Jura, and the Rhaetian .\Ips. Theywere more numerous and warlike than the neigh-boring Gallic tribes. They first appear in history107 Bc. but were not known to the Romans untilthe time of Julius Caesar, who, as governor ofGaul, prevented their intended emigration, and
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HERMANN LUDWIG FERDIXAXD \-ON HELMHOLTZ. HELVETIUS — HEMIPODE after many bloody battles, in which even theHelvetian women fought, pressed them backwithin their frontiers. The story of their medi-tated irruption into and seizure of southernGaul is circumstantially related in the First Bookof the Commentaries of the Roman general, whonot only repulsed them with terrible slaughter,but almost exterminated them. Not a third ofthose who left their homes on this ill-fatedexpedition ever returned. Helvetia, which wasless extensive than the present Switzerland, wasdivided into four districts, which had an en-tirely democratical constitution. Cxsar sub-jected the country to the dominion of theRomans, who established several colonies there.After the death of Nero, the Helvetii, for re-fusing to acknowledge V^itellius as emperor,were mercilessly punished by Caecina, one of hisgenerals, and thenceforth they almost disappearas a people. Helvetius, Claude Adrian, klod ii-dre-onel-va-se-us, French

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