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The Black Tom explosion on July 30, 1916, in Jersey City, was a curious act of sabotage by German agents to destroy American-made munitions that were to be supplied to the Allies in World War I. This incident, which happened prior to formal American entry into the war, is also notable for causing damage to the Statue of Liberty. At 2:08 am, the first and largest of the explosions took place. Fragments from the explosion travelled long distances, some lodging in the Statue of Liberty and some in the clock tower of The Jersey Journal building in Journal Square, over a mile away, stopping the clock at 2:12 am. The explosion was the equivalent of an earthquake measuring between 5.0 and 5.5 on the Richter scale and was felt as far away as Philadelphia. Windows were broken as far as 40 km away, including thousands in lower Manhattan. Some window panes in Times Square were shattered. The stained-glass windows in St. Patrick's Church were destroyed. The outer wall of Jersey City's City Hall was cracked and the Brooklyn Bridge was shaken. People as far away as Maryland were awakened by what they thought was an earthquake. Property damage from the attack was estimated at $20 million ($445,000,000 in 2014 dollars using the CPI conversion). The damage to the Statue of Liberty was estimated to be $100,000 ($2,225,000 in 2014 dollars using the CPI conversion), and included damage to the skirt and torch.