File:Sodalite (Poços de Caldas Alkaline Complex, Late Cretaceous, 76-78 Ma; Poços de Caldas Plateau, Brazil) 1.jpg
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| Description |
English: Sodalite from the Cretaceous of Brazil.
A mineral is a naturally-occurring, solid, inorganic, crystalline substance having a fairly definite chemical composition and having fairly definite physical properties. At its simplest, a mineral is a naturally-occurring solid chemical. Currently, there are over 5500 named and described minerals - about 200 of them are common and about 20 of them are very common. Mineral classification is based on anion chemistry. Major categories of minerals are: elements, sulfides, oxides, halides, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, and silicates. The silicates are the most abundant and chemically complex group of minerals. All silicates have silica as the basis for their chemistry. "Silica" refers to SiO2 chemistry. The fundamental molecular unit of silica is one small silicon atom surrounded by four large oxygen atoms in the shape of a triangular pyramid - this is the silica tetrahedron - SiO4. Each oxygen atom is shared by two silicon atoms, so only half of the four oxygens "belong" to each silicon. The resulting formula for silica is thus SiO2, not SiO4. Sodalite is one of several silicate minerals called "feldspathoids". Feldspathoids are chemically similar to the feldspars, but they have far less silica (SiO2) and end up enriched in sodium and/or potassium (typically). Sodalite is an uncommon feldspathoid with the chemical formula Na4(Al3Si3)O12Cl - sodium chloro-aluminosilicate. Sodalite is moderately hard (H = 5.5 to 6) and has a bluish-blackish coloration. It can be found in some igneous rocks. This sodalite sample is from a Cretaceous-aged pegmatitic nepheline syenite body in Brazil. Geologic unit: Poços de Cladas Alkaline Compolex, mid-Campanian Stage, late Late Cretaceous, 76 to 78 Ma Locality: unrecorded/undisclosed site in the Poços de Caldas Plateau, Minas Gerais State, southeastern Brazil Photo gallery of sodalite: www.mindat.org/gallery.php?min=3701 |
| Date | |
| Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49946825726/ |
| Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49946825726. It was reviewed on 15 November 2022 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
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| current | 16:38, 15 November 2022 | | 2,352 × 1,870 (3.98 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/49946825726/ with UploadWizard |
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