File:Marvels of the new West - a vivid portrayal of the stupendous marvels in the vast wonderland west of the Missouri River - comprising marvels of nature, marvels of race, marvels of enterprise, marvels (14578366798).jpg

Identifier: marvelsofnewwest1889thay (find matches)
Title: Marvels of the new West : a vivid portrayal of the stupendous marvels in the vast wonderland west of the Missouri River : comprising marvels of nature, marvels of race, marvels of enterprise, marvels of mining, marvels of stock-raising, and marvels of agriculture, graphically and truthfully described
Year: 1887 (1880s)
Authors: Thayer, William Makepeace, 1820-1898
Subjects:
Publisher: Norwich, Conn. : Henry Bill Pub. Co.
Contributing Library: Harold B. Lee Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Brigham Young University

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y drilling and blasting.This is accomplished by hard work and great expense. The next cut represents the perpendicular shaft into the earth, withtwo horizontal levels, or drifts. A windlass is erected at the openingof the shaft for the purpose of lowering and raising the bucket.Miners descend by the bucket or ladder. When a mine is excavatedbeyond seventy-five or a hundred feet, the windlass is no longerserviceable. Man-power is not equal to the task, and horse-power,with pulley or drum of timber, is called into requisition. At a greaterdepth, say two hundred or two hundred and fifty feet, steam-power is MARVELS OF MINING. 451 required. When a large quantity of water hinders work in the mine,powerful pumps become indispensable. A mine may have several drifts, according to its depth, and thedrifts may be on both sides of the shaft. The cut on the oppositepage shows two drifts on the right. Often the drifts extend a longdistance, and railway tracks are laid, on which the ore is conveyed
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LODE MINING. to the bottom of the shaft, whence it is lifted to the surface ofthe earth. The Chrysolite Mine of Colorado has from seven toeight thousand feet of drift. The reader will observe that the mine is heavily timbered through-out. This is necessary in both shaft and drift to prevent caving,and assure safety to the miner who is obliged to adopt a subterra-nean life. It is a dark abode, so that the best artificial lighting is 452 MARVELS OF THE NEW WEST. required. The miner must wear a light on his cap, in addition tothe reflectors which illuminate his underground workshop. The depth of mines varies from fifty to twenty-five hundred feet.Many of them are one thousand feet deep. Several in Colorado areover thirteen hundred feet in depth ; and there is one in Nevadasunk twenty-five hundred feet into the bowels of the earth. What aplace for a human being to live and labor in ! On the next page, veins of gold or silver are represented, with shaftsunk so as to cut them, or to reach t

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