File:Image from page 507 of "Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States (14750478122).jpg

Identifier: keytonorthameric01coue Title: Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California, with which are incorporated General ornithology, an outline of the structure and classification of birds, and Field ornithology, a manual of collecting, preparing, and preserving birds Year: 1890 (1890s) Authors: Coues, Elliott, 1842-1899 Subjects: Birds -- North America Birds -- Collection and preservation Publisher: Boston, D. Estes and Company Contributing Library: American Museum of Natural History Library Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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Text Appearing Before Image: uata of former eds. of Key; A. 0. U. Lists, 1886-95,No. 594; P. s. texana Eidgw. Auk, Jan. 1897, p. 95;A. 0. U. Suppl. List, Auk, Jan. 1897, p. 129, No.594 a.) CARDINALIS. (Lat. cardinalis, pertaining to cordo,a door-hinge; cardinal, that upon which somethinghinges or depends; hence important, principal, cardi-nal point; cardinal, a chief ecclesiastical official, wear-ing the red hat; hence cardinal-red, from which colorthe bird is named. Fig. 310.) Cardinal Gros-beaks. Bill very large and stout, but quite conic;culmen a little convex ; gonys about straight ; com-missure sinuate, not abruptly angulated; lower man-dible about as deep as upper; rictus bristled. Wingsvery short and rounded; usually 4th and 5th quillslongest, others rapidly graduated both ways — 5th to 1st, 5th to 9th. Tail longer than wings,rounded, of broad feathers with obliquely oval tips. Tarsus longer than middle toe and claw;lateral toes subef[ual. Size large. Head crested. Color mostly red, including bill. Sexes

Text Appearing After Image: Fio. 310. — Head of Cardinal Grosbeak,nat. size. (Ad. nat. del. E. C.) FRINGILLIDjE: FINCHES, BUNTINGS, SPARROWS. 455 subsimilar. There are several species of this strildiigiy heautiful genus, as C- carneus andC. phoeniceu!^, but only one of them, with several of its subspecies, occurs in our Fauna.C. cardinalis. (Figs. 310, 311.) Cardinal Grosbeak. Cardinal Redbird. CrestedRedbird. Virginia Redbird. Virginia Nightingale. Adult $ : Rich red, usuallyvermilion, sometimes rosy; pure and intense on crest and under parts, darker on back, whereobscured with ashy-gray, as it is also on upper surfaces of wings and tail; feathers of wings

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