File:Image from page 442 of "Bulletin" (1901) (20432710281).jpg

Title: A SANDIA MAN

Identifier: bulletin3021910smit Year: 1901 (1900s) Authors: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology Subjects: Ethnology Publisher: Washington : G. P. O. Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries

View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book

Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book.

Text Appearing Before Image: BULL. 30] S AND ATOTON SANDIA 429 warmer isotherms, but often being car- ried by migration and retained through tribal custom in regions wliere extremes of temperature prevailed. In both hemi- spheres the sandal formed a part of the costume of the peoples more advanced in culture; it was the characteristic foot- wear of tlie Peruvians, Central Ameri- cans, INIexicans, and Pueblos, and espe- cially of Indians living in the cactus region generally. In its simplest form the Pueblo sandal consisted of a sole braided from tenacious leaves, held to the foot by a toe and heel cord, or by a cord roved through loops on the margin of the sole and passing over the foot. Other sandals have flaps at the toe and heel, and in some cases the entire foot is cov- ered, when the sandal becomes a sort of rude moccasin. Sandals occur in consid- erable variety, designed for men, women, and children, and for different seasons. The material is almost exclusively de- rived from the yucca plant—either the plain leaves, hanks of the extracted fiber, or cord of various sizes twisted from the fiber. Sandals consisting of a half-inch pad of yucca fibers, held to the foot with strips of the same material or by thongs, are said to be worn by Kawia men at night. Putnam found sandals in Mam- moth Cave, Ky., thus determining their former use in e. United States. A few tribes of California, the Ute of the inte- rior basin, the Mohave, the Pima, and perhaps the tribes around the Gulf of Mexico, wore sandals. Within recent years the older people among the Pima have connnonly worn sandalsof undressed hide, especially when traveling, to pro- tect the feet from cactus spines. A simi- lar sandal is worn by the Chemehuevi. Among some of the ancient Pueblos a sandal was buried with the body of an infant to "guide" the deceased to the sipapu or entrance to the underworld. See CloOdiKj, Moccasin. CoH'^ult Fewkes in 17th Rep. B. A. E., 573, 1898; Holmes in 1.3th Rep. B. A. E., 34, 1896; Kroeber in Univ. Cal. Pub., Am. Archjeol. and Ethnol., viii, no. 2, 1908; Mason in Rep. Nat. Mus. 1894, 1896; Mindeleff in 8th Rep. B. A. E., 133, 1891; Nordenskiijld, Cliff Dwellers of the Mesa Verde, 1893. (w. h.) Sandatoton ('those who eat by them- selves'). A clan or band of the 'Chirica- hua Apache, supposed to be a part of the Pinaleno now under San Carlos and Fort Apache agencies, Ariz. Kassiluda.—Gatschet, MS., B. A. E., 1883 (from thenjinieor their chief). San-da-to-tons.—White, MS. Hist. Apaches, B. A. E., 1875. Sandedotan.— Gatschet, MS., B. A. E., 1883. Sandbanks. A Hatteras village on Hat- terasid., N. C, e.of Pamlico sd.,inl701.— Lawson (1709), Hist. Car., 383, 1860. Sanderstown, A former Cherokee set- tlement in N. E. Alabama, probably tak- ing its name from some i)rominent mixed- blood, (j. M.) Sandia (Span.: 'watermelon'). A Ti- gua pueblo on the e. bank of the Rio Grande, N. Mex., 12 m. n. of All)U(]uer- que. It evidently formed one of the pue- blos of the Province of Tiguex of the chroniclers of Coronado's expedition in 1540-42; and is the Napeya (a corruj)tion of Nafiat, the native name of the pueblo) of Juan de Ofiate in 1598. Sandia Ije- came the seat of the Franciscan mission of San Francisco early in the 17t]i cen- tury, but it was abandoned during the Pueblo revolt of 1680, most of the in- habitants fleeing for safety to the Hopi country in n. e. Arizona, where, probably

Text Appearing After Image: A SANDIA MAi with other refugees, they built the village of Payupki, on the Middle mesa, the walls of which are still partly standing. Pay- upki is the name by which the Sandia- pueblo is still known to the Hopi. In 1681 Gov. Otermin, during his attempt to reconquer New Mexico, burned Sandia. The people remained among the Hopi until 1742, when Fathers Delgado and Pino brought 441 of them and their chil- dren to the Rio Grande; but it would seem that some of these returned to Ari- zona, since Father Juan Miguel Menchero, in a petition to the governor in 1748, stated that for six years he had been engaged in missionary work among the Indians, and had "converted and gained more than 350 souls from here to the Puerco r.,

Note About Images