File:Human physiology (Volume 2) (1844) (14802057193).jpg

Identifier: 101515363X2.nlm.nih.gov
Title: Human physiology (Volume 2)
Year: 1844 (1840s)
Authors: Dunglison, Robley, 1798-1869
Subjects: Physiological Processes Physiology
Publisher: Philadelphia : Lea and Blanchard
Contributing Library: U.S. National Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons, U.S. National Library of Medicine

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m-pression bears upon thelarge intestine. The samehagpens in the excretionof the urine, and in ac-couchement.2. Coughing and Sneez-ing. — When the organ,that has to be cleared, isin the thorax, — as incoughing to remove mu-cus from the air-passages— the same action of themuscles of the abdomenis invoked ; but the glot-tis is open to allow theexit of the mucus. Inthis case, the expiratory Diaphragm. L.L. Bight and left lobesoftheliv/r m milSCleS Contract COnVUl- Ligau.entum rotundum. N. Fundus of gall, bladder n ci,rQl„ J T .,,** Stomach. f P. Spleen, ft. Q. Situation of the Keys £ S1VelY and forcibly, SO hind the mtestines. R. R. Sma.. intestines. eySbe that the air is driven Vio- and, in its passage, sweeps off the irritatm mat^l^6 1UDg8» «<*••«• *v. ■ us mattei and conveys it SHiflen the sinews, summon up the blood • SnM T ?X tCKth lnd St/etch the nodis wide •Hold hard the breath and bend on everv RnY,i* To its full height. P Cry sPim King Henry V. iii. 1.
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Thoracic and Abdominal Viscera h«;,RigntiUng; B- L,eft iuug, C> Rieht ventricle of iheheart. D Right aur.cle ol the heart. F. Vena cava bum- nor. F. F. Subclavian veins. H. Ascending aorta. 1. Pulmonary artery Internal juguiarK.M.O. MECHANICAL PHENOMENA — SPITTING. 37 out of the body. To aid this, the muscular fibres, at the posteriorpart of the trachea and larger bronchial tubes, contract, so as todimmish the calibre of these canals; and, in this way, expectora-tion is facilitated. The action differs, however, according as theexpired air is sent through the nose or mouth ; in the former case,constituting sneezing; in the latter, coughing. The former ismore violent than the latter, and is involuntary ; whilst the latteris not necessarily so. In both cases the movement is excited bysome external irritant, applied directly to the mucous membraneof the windpipe or nose; or by some modified action in the verytissue of the part, which acts as an irritating cause. In both casesthe air

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