File:Curtiss Kittyhawk IV (41492353185).jpg
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Summary[edit]
DescriptionCurtiss Kittyhawk IV (41492353185).jpg |
The Curtiss P-40 Warhawk is an American single-engined, single-seat, all-metal fighter and ground-attack aircraft that first flew in 1938. The P-40 design was a modification of the previous Curtiss P-36 Hawk which reduced development time and enabled a rapid entry into production and operational service. The Warhawk was used by most Allied powers during World War II, and remained in frontline service until the end of the war. It was the third most-produced American fighter of World War II, after the P-51 and P-47; by November 1944, when production of the P-40 ceased, 13,738 had been built, all at Curtiss-Wright Corporation's main production facilities at Buffalo, New York. P-40 Warhawk was the name the United States Army Air Corps and after June 1941, USAAF-adopted name for all models, making it the official name in the U.S. for all P-40s. The British Commonwealth and Soviet air forces used the name Tomahawk for models equivalent to the P-40B and P-40C, and the name Kittyhawk for models equivalent to the P-40D and all later variants. P-40s first saw combat with the British Commonwealth squadrons of the Desert Air Force in the Middle East and North African campaigns, during June 1941. No. 112 Squadron Royal Air Force, was among the first to operate Tomahawks in North Africa and the unit was the first Allied military aviation unit to feature the "shark mouth" logo, copying similar markings on some Luftwaffe Messerschmitt Bf 110 twin-engine fighters. The P-40's lack of a two-speed supercharger made it inferior to Luftwaffe fighters such as the Messerschmitt Bf 109 or the Focke-Wulf Fw 190 in high-altitude combat and it was rarely used in operations in Northwest Europe. However, between 1941 and 1944, the P-40 played a critical role with Allied air forces in three major theaters: North Africa, the Southwest Pacific, and China. It also had a significant role in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Eastern Europe, Alaska and Italy. The P-40's performance at high altitudes was not as important in those theaters, where it served as an air superiority fighter, bomber escort and fighter-bomber. Although it gained a postwar reputation as a mediocre design, suitable only for close air support, more recent research including scrutiny of the records of individual Allied squadrons indicates that this was not the case: the P-40 performed surprisingly well as an air superiority fighter, at times suffering severe losses, but also inflicting a very heavy toll on enemy aircraft. Based on war-time victory claims, over 200 Allied fighter pilots from 7 different nations (England, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa, the United States, and the Soviet Union) became aces flying the P-40, with at least 20 double aces [11] mostly in the North Africa, CBI, Pacific and Russian Front theaters. The P-40 offered the additional advantage of low cost, which kept it in production as a ground-attack aircraft long after it was obsolete as a fighter. |
Date | |
Source | Curtiss Kittyhawk IV |
Author | Michael Gaylard from Horsham, UK |
Camera location | 51° 35′ 58.08″ N, 0° 14′ 20.23″ W | View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap | 51.599467; -0.238952 |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by Michael Gaylard at https://flickr.com/photos/16564965@N04/41492353185 (archive). It was reviewed on 4 March 2019 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
4 March 2019
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current | 04:31, 4 March 2019 | 6,016 × 4,000 (24.6 MB) | Tm (talk | contribs) | Transferred from Flickr via #flickr2commons |
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Metadata
This file contains additional information such as Exif metadata which may have been added by the digital camera, scanner, or software program used to create or digitize it. If the file has been modified from its original state, some details such as the timestamp may not fully reflect those of the original file. The timestamp is only as accurate as the clock in the camera, and it may be completely wrong.
Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D3200 |
Exposure time | 1/60 sec (0.016666666666667) |
F-number | f/3.5 |
ISO speed rating | 1,600 |
Date and time of data generation | 11:05, 26 May 2018 |
Lens focal length | 18 mm |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Elements Organizer 13.0 |
File change date and time | 22:31, 27 May 2018 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 11:05, 26 May 2018 |
Meaning of each component |
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APEX shutter speed | 5.906891 |
APEX aperture | 3.61471 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.6 APEX (f/3.48) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash fired, strobe return light detected, auto mode |
DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 50 |
Supported Flashpix version | 0 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
Focal plane X resolution | 2,595.2521362305 |
Focal plane Y resolution | 2,595.2521362305 |
Focal plane resolution unit | 3 |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 27 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | High gain up |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 2184357 |
Lens used | 18.0-300.0 mm f/3.5-6.3 |
Supported Flashpix version | 0 |
Image width | 6,016 px |
Image height | 4,000 px |
Rating (out of 5) | 0 |
Date metadata was last modified | 23:31, 27 May 2018 |
Unique ID of original document | A15FAC26424F5EF71B76FEFC305BFFC5 |
Keywords |
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