File:Composite hydrothermal vein (Emma Vein, 62-66 Ma; Butte, Montana, USA) 4.jpg
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Summary[edit]
DescriptionComposite hydrothermal vein (Emma Vein, 62-66 Ma; Butte, Montana, USA) 4.jpg |
English: The Emma Vein is a famous unit in the geology of Butte, Montana. The area’s country rocks are part of the Butte Quartz Monzonite (BQM), a Late Cretaceous-aged igneous intrusion that dates to 76 million years. The BQM is intruded by numerous hydrothermal veins that date to the latest Cretaceous-earliest Tertiary (~62 to 66 million years). Veins range from very thin to thick and are often composed of economically-significant minerals. The veins have been extensively mined, starting in the 1800s.
At currently-existing outcrops, the Emma Vein is a 17 to 20 feet wide composite hydrothermal vein that is dominated by quartz, iron oxide, and manganese oxide. In the subsurface, the Emma Vein was reported to have chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, copper iron sulfide) and sphalerite (ZnS, zinc sulfide). At the eastern end of its subsurface occurrence, the Emma Vein was 100 feet wide and composed of nearly pure rhodochrosite (!). The BQM host rock is the light-colored material in the left portions of the outcrop. Geologic unit: Emma Vein, Maastrichtian Stage to Danian Stage, latest Cretaceous to Early Paleocene, ~62-66 Ma Locality: outcrop on the northern side of a business at 800 West Platinum Street in the town of Butte, Silver Bow County, western Montana, USA |
Date | |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50974417217/ |
Author | James St. John |
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50974417217. It was reviewed on 24 February 2021 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
24 February 2021
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current | 14:58, 24 February 2021 | 3,008 × 1,749 (5.06 MB) | Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/50974417217/ with UploadWizard |
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON CORPORATION |
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Camera model | NIKON D70s |
Exposure time | 1/320 sec (0.003125) |
F-number | f/8 |
ISO speed rating | 400 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:47, 9 August 2010 |
Lens focal length | 18 mm |
Width | 3,008 px |
Height | 2,000 px |
Bits per component |
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Pixel composition | RGB |
Orientation | Normal |
Number of components | 3 |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop Elements 18.0 (Macintosh) |
File change date and time | 15:42, 23 February 2021 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Not defined |
Exif version | 2.21 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:47, 9 August 2010 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX shutter speed | 8.321928 |
APEX aperture | 6 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 3.6 APEX (f/3.48) |
Metering mode | Pattern |
Light source | Unknown |
Flash | Flash did not fire |
DateTime subseconds | 00 |
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DateTimeDigitized subseconds | 00 |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
Sensing method | One-chip color area sensor |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Auto white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 1 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 27 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |
Serial number of camera | 200638ad |
Lens used | 18.0-200.0 mm f/3.5-5.6 |
Date metadata was last modified | 10:42, 23 February 2021 |
Unique ID of original document | 81A1E4CB66734D37E01B7C7C3ED70EF5 |
IIM version | 24,576 |