File:Composite hydrothermal vein (Emma Vein, 62-66 Ma; Butte, Montana, USA) 20.jpg

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English: The Emma Vein is a famous unit in the geology of Butte, Montana. The area’s country rocks are part of the Butte Quartz Monzonite (BQM), a Late Cretaceous-aged igneous intrusion that dates to 76 million years. The BQM is intruded by numerous hydrothermal veins that date to the latest Cretaceous-earliest Tertiary (~62 to 66 million years). Veins range from very thin to thick and are often composed of economically-significant minerals. The veins have been extensively mined, starting in the 1800s.

At currently-existing outcrops, the Emma Vein is a 17 to 20 feet wide composite hydrothermal vein that is dominated by quartz, rusty-colored to red-colored iron oxide, and blackish manganese oxide. In the subsurface, the Emma Vein was reported to have chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, copper iron sulfide) and sphalerite (ZnS, zinc sulfide). At the eastern end of its subsurface occurrence, the Emma Vein was 100 feet wide and composed of nearly pure rhodochrosite (!).

Geologic unit: Emma Vein, Maastrichtian Stage to Danian Stage, latest Cretaceous to Early Paleocene, ~62-66 Ma

Locality: outcrop on the western side of the Gold Street-Jackson Street intersection in the town of Butte, Silver Bow County, western Montana, USA
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Source https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/51038311291/
Author James St. John

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James St. John at https://flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/51038311291. It was reviewed on 19 March 2021 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

19 March 2021

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current00:13, 19 March 2021Thumbnail for version as of 00:13, 19 March 20213,610 × 1,596 (4.26 MB)Ser Amantio di Nicolao (talk | contribs)Uploaded a work by James St. John from https://www.flickr.com/photos/47445767@N05/51038311291/ with UploadWizard

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