File:Canadian forest industries July-December 1922 (1922) (20506079406).jpg

Title: Canadian forest industries July-December 1922
Identifier: canadianforjuldec1922donm (find matches)
Year: 1922 (1920s)
Authors:
Subjects: Lumbering; Forests and forestry; Forest products; Wood-pulp industry; Wood-using industries
Publisher: Don Mills, Ont. : Southam Business Publications
Contributing Library: Fisher - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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Forest fire gaining headway. The exact knowledge of location of logs, streams and topography is a valuable asset to the fire fighter
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Column of smoke which was observed by the plane while it was 20 miles away. Prompt detection ensures forest protection. locating all old and new burns di- rectly on the map. This summer one machine was flown daily for a week with a maximum flying time of six hours for one day. Adverse weather conditions could not scare this patrol. The position of the aeroplane as a fire-fighting auxiliary is firmly es- tablished, for it is without question the most efficient means of detecting fires and reconnoitering burning areas. It may soon be expected to replace all ground patrol and look- out tower systems of fire protection in the densely wooded sections of Quebec. Taking Pictures of the Forest A broad field for aerial enterprise is found in forest reconnaissance and mapping. Enough work has been done in aerial mapping by sketches and photography to prove that such methods of making forest surveys and timber estimates are quite feasible. Cameras are so well developed that although a ma- chine is travelling a mile a minute or more, pictures can be taken without a blur. By building up a picture mosaic of the area photo- graphed, a bird's eye view of the entire territory in minute detail is obtained. There is a complete record of the richly wooded areas, burns, windfall, swamps, lakes and waterways. The possibilities in this line of endeavor are limitless for the aeroplane can be put to use for the exploration of unknown lands or to obtain close information to check engineers reports. The use of the aeroplane will revolutionize forest surveying. Foresters have been striving to improve cruising methods and to obtain more accu- rate forest information. With ground cruising it is physically im- possible to cover 100% of the ground. A 5% cruise is considered fairly extensive, while 1% or less suffices for a general reconnais- sance. Accuracy must be sacrificed in order to cover the ground at a reasonable figure. With an aeroplane photographic survey, noth- ing is left to guesswork, but actual conditions are represented. A 100% survey may be made or less extensive work such as photo- graphing only the waterways and lateral drainage to determine the character of the timber and the nature of the streams. It is remarkable how easily the forest types may be determined from the pictures, and by outlining these the area may be planimeter- ed. Work done along this line has produced most satisfactory results. The types recognized are softwood, soft-hardwood, hard-softwood, hard- wood, burns, second growth and muskeg. These type areas were determined and the percentage of the different types computed. This was accomplished by comparing the photographs with photographs of similar plots on which the volume of timber per acre had been accu- rately figured. Bud-worm attacked areas show up clearly in aerial pho- tographs and the amount of loss due to the ravage of the insect may be determined by the decrease in the density of stocking of the area shown in the picture. With the impending timber short- age and the increasing demand for more definite information as to the condition of timber berths, the use (Continued on page 166)

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