File:Canadian engineer (1893) (14580611590).jpg

Identifier: canadianengineer30toro (find matches)
Title: Canadian engineer
Year: 1893 (1890s)
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Subjects:
Publisher: Toronto, Monetary Times Print. Co. (etc.)
Contributing Library: Engineering - University of Toronto
Digitizing Sponsor: University of Toronto

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ace by means of buckets or cars thatwere run on rails in the drifts. After a section of about8 or 10 ft. had been excavated for walls and arch, formswere placed and concrete run in through a hole that hadbeen previously bored from the street, a workman beingstationed to spade the concrete and to see that it wa^ brickwork laid, the G-in. x ft-in. braces being removed asthe work progressed. It might be stated that the contractor on section No.I did not think it necessary at first to take any precautionagainst the ground pressure after he removed the forms,so he had a section to reconstruct as the walls kickedin to a considerable extent. The design of sewer for these three sections (i, 2and 3) was a culvert shape, with 18-in. class B concrete(1:3:5) in walls and arch, the invert being 14 in. of classB concrete and finished with paving brick to stand thewear of the water. In section No. i there are four sizes, 10 ft. 8 in. x 10fl. 8 in., 8 ft. 5 in. x 10 ft. 8 in. (reinforced under O.T.R.
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 1.—Open^cut Portion of Section No. 4, Showing Method of Mixing and Transporting Concrete. Fig. 3.—Placing One Ring of Red Shale Brick in Invert After the Arch Had Been Completed. Section No. 4. Fig. 2.—Main Garrison Creek Storm Overflow Sewer,Showing the Use of Steel Forms for the Invert. Fig. 4.—Showing Method of Excavating in Tunnel, also Steel Circular Ribs and Lagging in Place. Section No. 4. properly placed. The excavation was carried on in the daytime and concreting at night. .After the allotted time forleaving forms in place (which was 48 hours at least) theforms were removed and 6-in. x 6-in. timbers were placedto protect the concrete from ground pressure until the in-vert was built. Ground pressure was very considerable inthese sections as the material through which these sewersrun is, in most places, a soft blue clay. When the concreting of walls and arch had been com-pleted between two shafts, the invert was concreted and and C.P.R. tracks), 10 ft. 3 in. x 10 f

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