File:Caldwell 104.jpg
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Summary[edit]
DescriptionCaldwell 104.jpg |
English: This Hubble image captures what looks like a galactic glitter bomb in the night sky. Caldwell 104, also cataloged as NGC 362, is a globular star cluster located about 27,000 light-years away. Among the earliest homesteaders of the universe, globular clusters are snow-globe-shaped islands of several hundred thousand (or more) ancient stars. Globular clusters like Caldwell 104 typically reside in a spiral galaxy’s halo, which is a relatively sparsely populated, spherical area that surrounds the galaxy like a shell. They are integral to the birth and growth of their host galaxies.
Caldwell 104 is one of about 150 globular clusters in the Milky Way galaxy, but it stands out from the rest. The cluster is unusually young, as indicated by its composition. Following the Big Bang, the universe consisted only of hydrogen and a little helium. The first stars formed from this material and, through the process of nuclear fusion, spent their lives producing heavier elements, which astronomers call “metals.” But the process can only continue for so long before the stars either run out of fuel or grow unstable. Ultimately, massive stars are doomed to explode in violent events called supernovae, which blast their material out into the cosmos. This stellar detritus is recycled into new generations of stars, so stars that form later contain higher proportions of metals than their older relatives. Astronomers have discovered that Caldwell 104 boasts a surprisingly high metal content, which means that it formed more recently than expected. Most globular clusters are much older than the majority of stars in their host galaxy, but the stars in Caldwell 104 appear to be 2 billion to 3 billion years younger than stars in other Milky Way globulars. Astronomers have used Hubble multiple times to investigate the young cluster’s stellar population. This image was taken in visible light using Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys. Discovered from Australia by Scottish astronomer James Dunlop in 1826, Caldwell 104 cannot be viewed from the Northern Hemisphere except near the equator, but it can be seen year-round from mid-Southern latitudes in the constellation Tucana, near the Small Magellanic Cloud. Binoculars or a modest telescope will provide a somewhat hazy view of the magnitude-6.4 cluster, but a large telescope will reveal individual stars. For more information about Hubble’s observations of Caldwell 104, see: https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1643a/ For Hubble's Caldwell catalog site and information on how to find these objects in the night sky, visit: https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-s-caldwell-catalog |
Date | (released) |
Source | https://www.flickr.com/photos/144614754@N02/49214617111/; see also https://www.flickr.com/photos/europeanspaceagency/30236689120/ |
Author | ESA/Hubble & NASA |
Licensing[edit]
ESA/Hubble images, videos and web texts are released by the ESA under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license and may on a non-exclusive basis be reproduced without fee provided they are clearly and visibly credited. Detailed conditions are below; see the ESA copyright statement for full information. For images created by NASA or on the hubblesite.org website, or for ESA/Hubble images on the esahubble.org site before 2009, use the {{PD-Hubble}} tag.
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This image was originally posted to Flickr by NASA Hubble at https://flickr.com/photos/144614754@N02/49214617111 (archive). It was reviewed on 23 February 2020 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0. |
23 February 2020
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- Commons:WikiProject Aviation/recent uploads/2016 October 26
- File:Hubble Admires a Youthful Globular Star Cluster (30588937296).jpg (file redirect)
- File:Youthful NGC 362.jpg (file redirect)
- File:Youthful NGC 362 (30236689120).jpg (file redirect)
- File:Youthful NGC 362 (30575890165).jpg (file redirect)
- Category:NGC 362
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Date and time of data generation | 06:00, 24 October 2016 |
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Short title | Youthful NGC 362 |
Credit/Provider | ESA/Hubble & NASA |
Source | ESA/Hubble |
Image title | Globular clusters offer some of the most spectacular sights in the night sky. These ornate spheres contain hundreds of thousands of stars, and reside in the outskirts of galaxies. The Milky Way contains over 150 such clusters — and the one shown in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image, named NGC 362, is one of the more unusual ones. As stars make their way through life they fuse elements together in their cores, creating heavier and heavier elements — known in astronomy as metals — in the process. When these stars die, they flood their surroundings with the material they have formed during their lifetimes, enriching the interstellar medium with metals. Stars that form later therefore contain higher proportions of metals than their older relatives. By studying the different elements present within individual stars in NGC 362, astronomers discovered that the cluster boasts a surprisingly high metal content, indicating that it is younger than expected. Although most globular clusters are much older than the majority of stars in their host galaxy, NGC 362 bucks the trend, with an age lying between 10 and 11 billion years old. For reference, the age of the Milky Way is estimated to be above 13 billion years. This image, in which you can view NGC 362’s individual stars, was taken by Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). |
Publisher | ESA/Hubble |
Usage terms |
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JPEG file comment | Globular clusters offer some of the most spectacular sights in the night sky. These ornate spheres contain hundreds of thousands of stars, and reside in the outskirts of galaxies. The Milky Way contains over 150 such clusters — and the one shown in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image, named NGC 362, is one of the more unusual ones. As stars make their way through life they fuse elements together in their cores, creating heavier and heavier elements — known in astronomy as metals — in the process. When these stars die, they flood their surroundings with the material they have formed during their lifetimes, enriching the interstellar medium with metals. Stars that form later therefore contain higher proportions of metals than their older relatives. By studying the different elements present within individual stars in NGC 362, astronomers discovered that the cluster boasts a surprisingly high metal content, indicating that it is younger than expected. Although most globular clusters are much older than the majority of stars in their host galaxy, NGC 362 bucks the trend, with an age lying between 10 and 11 billion years old. For reference, the age of the Milky Way is estimated to be above 13 billion years. This image, in which you can view NGC 362’s individual stars, was taken by Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 72 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 72 dpi |
Software used | Adobe Photoshop CC 2015 (Windows) |
File change date and time | 14:42, 8 July 2016 |
Y and C positioning | Centered |
Exif version | 2.31 |
Date and time of digitizing | 22:11, 25 May 2016 |
Meaning of each component |
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Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | Uncalibrated |
IIM version | 4 |
Keywords | NGC 362 |
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Height | 4,017 px |
Width | 3,981 px |
Pixel composition | RGB |
Number of components | 3 |
Contact information |
Karl-Schwarzschild-Strasse 2 Garching bei München, None, D-85748 Germany |
Type of media | Observation |
Date metadata was last modified | 16:42, 8 July 2016 |
Unique ID of original document | xmp.did:a0f3c21f-5a21-0f46-9cb8-cae74e192c9d |