File:An American text-book of physiology (1897) (14596643590).jpg

Identifier: americantextbook00howe (find matches)
Title: An American text-book of physiology
Year: 1897 (1890s)
Authors: Howell, William H. (William Henry), 1860-1945 Bowditch, H. P. (Henry Pickering), 1840-1911
Subjects: Physiology
Publisher: Philadelphia : Saunders
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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c mirror. Itis not difficult for an observer to examine his own larynx by placing himselfbefore a second mirror in which may be seen the image reflected from thelaryngoscope. To inspect the larynx the tongue must be held well out soas to pull forward the epiglottis, then the structures below appear in thelaryngoscopic mirror in reversed position. Beneath the middle of the e))iglottisthe cushion may be seen as a slight swelling, and continuing downward audbackward from the edges of the cartilage, may be seen the ary-epiglottic folds,each marked at its extremity by two rounded nodules, the cartilages of AVris-bergand Santorini (Fig. 302). In quiet breathing the glottis is nearly stationaryand opened to the extent of from 3 to 5 millimeters. The vocal cords boundingit look white and glistening in contrast with the red color of the general mucousmembrane. The cartilages of Santorini are several millimeters apart, and asheet of mucous membrane reaches from one to the other. The ventricular
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Fig. 302.—The larj-ugoscopic image in easy breathing (Stoerk): 1, base of the tongue; 2, medianglosso-epiglotticligament; 3, vallecula; 4, lateral glosso-epiglottic ligament; 5, epiglottis; 6, cushion ofepiglottis; 7, cornu major of hyoid bone; 8, ventricular band, or false vocal cord; 9, true vocal cord;opening of the ventricle of Morgagni seen between 8 and 9: 10, folds of mucous membrane; 11, sinuspyriformis; 12, cartilage of Wrisberg; 13, aryteno-epiglottic fold; 14, rima glottidis; 15, arytenoid carti-lage ; 16, cartilage of Santorini; 17, posterior wall of pharynx. bands are seen as red shelves reaching to the outer margin of the shiningcords and separated from the latter by a dark line which is the entrance intothe ventricles of Morgagni. When a deep inspiration is taken the glottis is widely opened, even to theextent of half an inch ; an angle is formed between the vocal process of thearytenoid and the vocal cord, the space between the cartilages of Santorini iswidened, and

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