File:Africa (1878) (Senegal, Gambia, Sierra Leone etc.).jpg

Identifier: africa00johnrich (find matches)
Title: Africa
Year: 1878 (1870s)
Authors: Johnston, Alexander Keith, 1804-1871 Keane, A. H. (Augustus Henry), 1833-1912
Subjects: Africa -- Description and travel Africa -- Social life and customs
Publisher: London : Edward Stanford
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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4. Native States between the Niger and Nile Valley. East of the Niger and the above-discribed triangle formed by it, with the coast-line for its base, we enter the main group of the states of Bornu and Baghirmi in the region of the great basin of Lake Chad. This vast lake is studded with islands, and does not lie, as was formerly supposed, in the lowest level of the Sudan. It receives many streams, the largest being the great Shari from the south-east, the upper course of which has not yet been traced. Here we are in the true centre of the continent, on the borders of the state of Wadai, till quite recently entirely secluded, and which approaches on the east to the Egyptian Sudan. Instead of the waterless desert, with its dried-up river beds, scanty vegetation, wide uninhabited plains, and scattered nomad tribes, Sudan thus presents the picture of a richly watered, diversified, fertile, and highly cultivated land, with a varied fauna and tropical flora, wherein dwell many populous and settled nations, who have arrived at a certain degree of civilisation.
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WESTERN SUDAN. 111 CHAPTER X. WESTERN SUDAN OR SENEGAMBIA. 1. The French Settlements in Senegambia. By Senegambia is understood the region stretching from the river Senegal southwards to the coast of Sierra Leone, but without any well-defined inland frontiers on the east. Of the three European powers which have settled on this portion of the African coast, France possesses the largest extent of territory. The whole of the left bank of the lower Senegal river and the coast from the mouth of that river southward past Cape Verde to near the mouth of the Gambia, is in the hands of the French. Farther south their isolated possessions are the greater part of the banks of the Cazamance river, with Carabane for the chief station; factories on the Rio Nunez, on the Rio Pongo, and on the Mellacoree or Mallecory river north of Sierra Leone. Between the Senegal and Gambia, or inland from the main tract of territory belonging to them, the French also exercise a certain authority in the interior, and are now making strenuous efforts both to direct the current of trade to their settlements on the Senegambian coast, and to establish a connection across the desert between these settlements and their Algerian possessions.

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