File:A short history of England (1904) (14797495863).jpg

Identifier: shorthistoryofen00chey (find matches)
Title: A short history of England
Year: 1904 (1900s)
Authors: Cheyney, Edward Potts, 1861-1947
Subjects:
Publisher: Boston, New York (etc.) Ginn and company
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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ngland, as wellas over what are now the Lowlands of Scotland. The city ofEdinburgh or Id wins burgh marks the northern limits of thepower of Edwin, the first Christian king of Northumbria. whoreigned from 617 to 633, while later Northumbrian kings reducedthe Picts, the northwestern Britons, and the Scots to dependence.Northumbria was also the leading state ot England in literature,learning, and trade. A series of defeats near the end of the Dth century, however, made its permanent supremacy in thecentral and southern parts of England hopeless. 40. Mercia. — Mercia then became more prominent. Thekings of this country had a series of contests with the nativeBritons of Wales which resulted in forcing the latter to becometributary. Other wars occurred with the West Saxons to thesouthward. During the eighth century, especially under .Ethelbald 1 The territori.il terms Essex. Sussex. Middlesex, and Wessex graduallytook the place of the tribal names East Saxons, etc. EARLY SAXON ENGLAND 55
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The Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms and the Three Native Principalities 56 A SHORT HISTORY OF ENGLAND and Offa, whose reigns together covered the period from 716 to796, Mercia was in her turn the most powerful state in Englandand held all the districts to the eastward and southwestward,including London and Kent. The Mercian kings issued a spe-cially good coinage and seem to have paid much attention tothe growth of trade. A separate archbishopric was for a whilecreated at Lichfield, and the Mercian king had some intercoursewith Charles the Great and other kings on the continent, andwith the pope. Several of the Mercian kings abdicated the throne,as had those of Northumbria, and went on pilgrimages to Rome,or retired to English monasteries. Notwithstanding their goodfortune in war, the Mercians were never successful in completelyconquering either the Northumbrians or the West Saxons, andthere were frequent revolts of the Kentishmen and East Anglians.In 796, Offa, the last of the great Mercian king

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